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Medical Terminology Notes
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This document gives additional information about certain words in medical terminology. This document can be used to help learn about future words in the medical field.

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  • August 16, 2024
  • 1
  • 2024/2025
  • Class notes
  • Barbara mosley
  • All classes

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Gingiv/itis: gums/inflamed (A.K.A. acute necrotizing gingivitis)
 Gingivitis is a condition of inflamed gums which can be red, tender and swollen.
 The most serious form is Vincent's infection, which shows ulceration, swollen lymph nodes, fever, tissue
sloughing, and it is accompanied by tissue necrotizing (death).
 Treatment is antibiotics, teeth cleaning or surgery.
Causes
 Poor dental hygiene
 Poorly fitting dentures
 Poor occlusion
 Nutritional problems
Py/orrhea: pus/flow
 Also called peri/odont/itis, Rigg's disease, or peri/odonto/clas/ia
 Characterized by inflammation and degeneration of the peri/osteum,
 alveolar bone, and cementum.
 Usually follows gingiv/itis, acute Vincent's infection, and poor hygiene.
 Reabsorption of alveolar bone results in the recession of the gums and tooth loosening.
Tartar: dental plaque or calculus
 A buildup of calcaneus matter upon the teeth composed of a combination of calcium phosphate and calcium
carbonate combined with organic matter (food and saliva).
 Usually leads to tooth recession and gingivitis.
Dental Caries: rotten Lt. or cavity
 Gradual decalcification of enamel and dentin of tooth.
 Oral tissues like the gums may become inflamed, abscesses may form, and gingivitis can often occur.
 Prevented by good oral hygiene (brushing, flossing, fluoride treatments that are either topical or in drinking
water), laser treatments (dental sealers), and minimizing refined processed foods.
Attrition: attritio (rubbing against GK.)
 Wearing away anywhere in the body due to rubbing or friction.
 Brux/ism or grinding of teeth is a cause of dental attrition.
 People often grind their teeth during sleep.
Mal/occlu/sion: bad/closure/refers
 The abnormal contact of the teeth of the upper jaw with the teeth of the lower jaw.
 Dr. Edward Angle classified malocclusions into three divisions. It includes references to the articulation of
the first molars and the articulation of the incisors.
Baby Bottle Caries: A.K.A. nursing bottle caries
 Baby bottle caries are cavities that have been caused by prolonged sucking on a bottle.
 Caries are formed because pools of milk or juice in the mouth break down into lactic acid and other decay-
causing substances.
 Preventive measures include elimination of bed-time feeding or the substitution of water for milk or juice at
nighttime.
Ortho/dont/ics: straight/teeth/refers
 Appliances (metal or clear plastic removable overlays) are fitted to the teeth to straighten teeth.
 Regularly adjusted or replaced to move the teeth into correct position in the jaw line.
 A straight wire fixed appliance is used to reorient the arch wire slots to correct or improve mal/occlusion.
Gum Boil: parulis (gummi (gum Lt.) goma (gum A/S)
 Abscesses of the gum due to sub/peri/osteal infections
 associated with a tooth cavity, irritation, injury, infection, denture friction, or other dental problems.
 The area is swollen, red, tender and usually painful.
 Usually comes to a type of point, and ruptures or requires an incision for drainage.
Gum Hyper/plas/ia: increased/growth
 Hyper/plasia is the excessive proliferation of normal cells in normal tissue, organ or body part.
 Also called hyper/genesis.
 Gingival hyperplasia may be caused by medications such as dilantin and cyclosporine.
Esophag/itis and Cheil/it is: toward/eater/inflamed; lip/inflamed

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