Chapter 2 Anatomy and Physiology of the Eye Practice Questions and Answers (100% Pass)
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Chapter 2 Anatomy and Physiology of the Eye
Practice Questions and Answers (100% Pass)
Parts of the eye, nerve cells, and brain are formed when during pregnancy? -
Answer️️ -Second week of pregnancy
Cornea - Answer️️ -Round membrane at the front of the globe where trasparent
membrane b...
Chapter 2 Anatomy and Physiology of the Eye
Practice Questions and Answers (100% Pass)
Parts of the eye, nerve cells, and brain are formed when during pregnancy? -
Answer✔️✔️-Second week of pregnancy
Cornea - Answer✔️✔️-Round membrane at the front of the globe where trasparent
membrane begins the process of focusing light the eye receives. thin, tough crystal-
clear membrane, referred to as the "window of the eye"
Iris - Answer✔️✔️-Colored circle of tissue, controls the amount of light entering the
eye by enlarging or reducing the size of the opening.
Pupil - Answer✔️✔️-The center/opening of iris.
Crystalline lens (Lens) - Answer✔️✔️-Second part of the optical focusing system of
the eye. Responsible for approx. one-third of the total refractive power
Vitreous or vitreous body - Answer✔️✔️-Space behind lens...Clear, jelly-like
substance. Because it is transparent, light rays focused by te cornea and lens can
pass through it unaffected to produce and image on the inner back surface of the
eye.
Retina - Answer✔️✔️-Inner back surface of the eye. The light sensitive cells of the
retina convert the image to electric impulses.Composed of an inner layer of nerve
cells and an outer pigment epithelium that lies against the choroid.
Optic Nerve - Answer✔️✔️-Electric impulses are carried to brain by optic nerve.
The electric impulses are integrated in the brain' s visual cortex to produce the
sensation of sight.
Axial Length - Answer✔️✔️-The range of front-to-back of the eye. Normal length is
23-25mm.
CCT - Answer✔️✔️-Central Cornea Thickness. Normal is 545 micrometers
Pachymetry - Answer✔️✔️-Ultrasound testing CCT
Adnexa - Answer✔️✔️-The tissues and structures surrounding the eye. (Orbit, the
extraocular muscles, eyelids, and the tear-draining lacrimal apparatus) They serve
to protect and support the globe.
Orbit - Answer✔️✔️-The pear-shaped bony cavity in the skill comprimising 7 bones
that house the globe, the extraocular muscles, the blood vessels, and the nerves, all
of which are cushioned by layers of fat.
Sinuses - Answer✔️✔️-The bony orbit is surrounded by these air-filled chambers.
Nasal allergies or infections can spread to the sinuses and patients with sinus
disease can complain of pain around the eye.
Blowout fracture - Answer✔️✔️-fracture in the floor of the orbit that results from a
blunt-force trauma. Eval of orbit is performed with Xray, CT, MRI, and
Ultrasound
Extraocular muscles - Answer✔️✔️-Muscles that control movement of the globe ( 6
muscles)
Medial Rectus muscle - Answer✔️✔️-Rotates the eye inward toward the nose---
adduction
Lateral Rectus Muscle - Answer✔️✔️-Rotates the eye outward toward the temple--
abduction
Superior Oblique Muscle - Answer✔️✔️-Primarily causes a torsional movement and
twists the eye down and inward--incyclotorsion
Inferior Oblique Muscle - Answer✔️✔️-Primarily causes a torsional movement and
twists the eye up and outward--excyclotorsion
Superior Rectus Muscle - Answer✔️✔️-Turning the eye upward, secondarily
incyclotorsion.
Inferior Rectus Muscle - Answer✔️✔️-Turning the eye downward, secondarily
excyclotorsion.
Binocular Vision - Answer✔️✔️-The blending of the seperate images seen by each
eye into one image; occurs when both eyes are directed toward a single target and
perfectly aligned.
Fusion - Answer✔️✔️-The blending by the brain of the seperate images received by
the two eyes so that a single view is perceived even when the eyes move.
Strabismus - Answer✔️✔️-A misalignment of the eyes that may cause vision to be
disturbed; occurs when the extraocular muscles do not work in a coordinated
manner. (Cross eyed)
Amblyopia - Answer✔️✔️-"Lazy eye"
Diplopia - Answer✔️✔️-double vision
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