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NSG 6604 Final Exam 2024/2025 Questions With Completed & Verified Solutions.
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NSG 6604 Final Exam 2024/2025 Questions With Completed & Verified Solutions.
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NSG 6604 FinalPhilosophy - ANS -Science comprising logic, ethics, metaphysics & epistemology.
-concerned with judgements about components of science.
-statement of beliefs and values, what people assume to be true in what they believe. not
empirically based, opinion based, public affirmation in discipline.
-"this we believe" nsg statments
-prevailing philosophy of discipline is the most widely accepted one.
Science - ANS -to know (KING), body of knowledge.
-observation, identification, description, experimental investigation and theoretical explanation of
natural phenomena.
-Nsg ______ is the knowledge connected to the discipline + the process & methods used to
gain the knowledge.
-goal- identify truths/facts about discipline subject matter; who, what, where, when & how of
phenomena.
Knowledge - ANS -what can be structured and represented to others out of the process of
knowing (Kramer).
-factual, awareness or perception of reality acquired through learning or investigation.
-Suggests that science is composed of what are known about discipline subject matter (known
vs believed).
-Feigl (1953) replicable by using appropriate scientific methodologies w/in a discipline;
replication = components of phenomena provide observable & measurable knowledge.
-empirical- can be experienced through human senses.
Phenomena - ANS -Comprise the subject matter of a discipline (grief, caring, etc)
-A thing, fact, situation, or event of scientific interest susceptible to scientific description and
explanation
Fact - ANS -Something known with certainty
Theory - ANS -A set of two or more concepts, definitions, and propositions that project a
systematic view of phenomena by designing specific interrelationships among concepts for
purposes of describing, explaining, and predicting (Chinn & Jacob, 1987; Fawcett, 2000)
• Generally, applicable in clinical practice • Facts need to be ordered in a cohesive body that will
result in an organized body of knowledge. • Provide a description, prediction, understanding,
and explanation of phenomena (Kim) • _____ allows one to explain past events, provide a
sense of understanding about current events, predict future events and provide the potential for
controlling them • Nursing intervention is served through the ability to predict and ultimately to
control phenomena associated with health and health care • A degree of uncertainty is inherent
in ______; the concepts may be tentative and the propositions may be predictions of what
, reality is believed to be like, rather than a set of known, undeniable facts (Hoover, 1988) • The
functions of _____ include summarization of knowledge, explanation of phenomena of interest
to the discipline employing the _____, and provision of to guide, predict and ultimately to control
phenomena (Mehlberg, 1962) • T_____ are composed of assertions that state specific
relationships between two or more concepts
How does theory contribute to the scientific base of a discipline? - ANS -conceptual models and
theories PRESENT DIFFERENT VIEWS OF PHENOMENON.
-link results of research together leading to cumulative scientific knowledge.
-provide frameworks by which to study concepts & variables.
-provide frameworks that allows interpretation of research findings beyond specific data.
Model - ANS • An idea that explains by using symbolic and physical visualization • Symbolic
models may be verbal, schematic, or quantitative • Verbal models are worded statements •
Schematic models may be diagrams, drawings, graphs or pictures • Quantitative models are
mathematical symbols • Physical models may look like what they are supposed to represent;
For example, body organs may become more abstract while still keeping some of the physical
properties, like ECG tracings • Models can be used "to facilitate thinking about concepts and
relationships between them (Bush, 1979) or to map out the research process (Chinn & Jacob,
1989)
Conceptual Model - ANS -ABSTRACT AND GENERAL ideas(concepts) & propositions that
specify relationships.
-Integrate those concepts into a meaningful configuration (Fawcett).
Paradigm - ANS Science, philosophy and theory are all components of the domain of any
scientific discipline; used to denote the prevailing network of science, philosophy and theory
accepted by a discipline
• What members of the community have in common; Includes: knowledge, philosophy, theory,
educational experience, practice orientation, research methodology and literature identified with
the discipline (shared framework and a shared view held by a discipline (Melesis)
- The prevailing *** directs the activities of the discipline • It is accepted by the majority of
individuals within the discipline and suggest the areas of study of interest to the discipline and
the means to study them
Concept - ANS • A complex mental formulation of an object, property or event that is derived
from individual perceptual experience (Chinn & Jacob, 1987)
• It is an idea, a mental image or a generalization formed and developed in the mind
-_____ label phenomena
-abstract or concrete
concrete concept - ANS specific to time and place, such as the body temperature of a specific
person, at a specific time, on a specific day
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