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PENN FOSTER VET PHARMACOLOGY NERVOUS SYSTEM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH SOLUTIONS 2024
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PENN FOSTER VET PHARMACOLOGY NERVOUS SYSTEM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH SOLUTIONS 2024
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PENN FOSTER VET PHARMACOLOGYNERVOUS SYSTEM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS WITH SOLUTIONS 2024
2 divisions - ANSWER Central and Peripheral NS
CNS contains - ANSWER brain and spinal cord
PNS contains - ANSWER nerves that connect brain to muscles, glands, and varous receptors
define Neuron - ANSWER basic unit of nervous system, a cell that has dendrites carrying electrical impulses
to cell body, and axon carrying elect. impulses away to synaptic end bulbs, where electrical impulses
convert to chemical messages that cross the junction to the next cell
Neurotransmitters - ANSWER released at synaptic end bulbs and cross junction to uptake at dendrite of
next cell.
Mime vs Lytic drugs - ANSWER mimic vs disrupts the action of neurotransmitters.
Peripheral nervous system divided into - ANSWER autonomic (involuntary) and somatic (voluntary ) n.s.
Somatic Nervous System connects - ANSWER brain to skeletal muscles.
Autonomic Nervous System connects and divided into - ANSWER brain to unconscious activities of body.
Sympathetic (fight or flight, or adrenergic)
Parasympathetic (energy conserving processes, or cholinergic)
adrenergic neurotransmitters - ANSWER epinephrine, norepinephrine, dopamine
andrenergic receptors - ANSWER alpha 1, alpha 2, beta 1, beta 2,
, cholinergic neurotransmitter - ANSWER acetylcholine
choninergic receptors - ANSWER nicotinic and muscarinic
4 ways drugs affect ANS - ANSWER Imitating neurotransmitters
Interfering with neurotransmitter release
Blocking attachment of neurotransmitter release
Interfering with breakdown or re-uptake of neurotransmitter at synapse.
6 Function of Cholinergic agents [parasympathomimetic] - ANSWER Diagnose myasthenia gravis
Reduce eye pressure for glaucoma
Stim GI motility (BM)
Treat urinary retention
Control Vomiting
Act as antidote for agents that prevent neuromuscular functioning
Explain direct and indirect acting cholinergic agents - ANSWER direct acting attach to acetylcholine
receptors, and indirect-acting prevent acetylcholine from being breaking down or being removed. Side
effects: bradycardia, diarrhea, vomiting, and incr. GI activity.
Anticholinergic agents effects - ANSWER block action of actyl choline on muscarinic receptors (on muscles)
Decrease GI motility (tx D/V)
Preanesthesia agent (dry secretions, prevent bradycardia)
Dialate pupils for eye exams
Relieve cillary eye spasms
treat sinus bradycardia
Examples of Anticholinergic drugs (cholinergic blocking, or parasympatholytic) - ANSWER Atropine,
glycopyrrolate, aminopentamide (Centrine)
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