Ohio school of phlebotomy exam notes
guides newest review
PPE - ANS personal protective equipment
common PPE and uses - ANS 1.Gloves-(bacteria)
2.safety glasses and eye wear-isolation
3.surgical mask-respirator(aerosols)
4.gowns(contact)
5.face shield- infections spray/droplets(only serious inquiries
6.shoes-comfy supportive and no mesh
Extra:reg gloves unsterile, surgical gloves-sterile
fomite - ANS non-living surface contaminated with infection/disease
infection - ANS can occur through direct contact, air,bodily fluids,indirecct contact with
nonliving surface
Virulence - ANS potency of pathogen of patient after contact with infected patient
Standard Precautions - ANS wash hands(hand sanitizer too),ppe use,respitory
hygiene(couch in shirt or shoulder),safe injection practice(safety,no recaps of needle,sharpbox),
safe handling famine(clean)
laboratory infections - ANS nosocomiac (secondary infections) c-sections,transplants)
Isolation Protocol - ANS strict isolation, droplet isolation, blood/bodily
fluid,respitory,contact,reverse isolation.
strict isolation - ANS ppe:gloves, mask/respirator(all the time),gowns.
why:patient contagious disease can be spread via air or direct contact.
ex:measles, staph infections,
requirements-patient has private room and bathroom, everyone enter wear gloves, mask and
gown. equipment left in room or cleaned according to facility standards after use in complete
isolation room, use good hand hygiene
droplet isolation - ANS why:patient has contagious disease that can be spread via droplets
of mucous
ex:pertussis
remember: to always wear mask,BASELINE PPE
, requirement:patient has private room and can leave if wearing a mask, those entering the room
should wear and any other ppe necessary for the task
Blood and Bodily Fluid Isolation - ANS why:patient has an infection that can be transmitted
via bodily fluid
ex: dysentery,hiv
remember:wear gloves, mask or shield and gown
requirements: gloves always(contact with blood,feces,urine and mucous) gowns and eye and
face protection if risk of splattering.private room and sometimes private bathroom if necessary
respiratory isolation - ANS why:patient has infection that can be transmitted through
exhaled particles
ex: tuberculosis, whooping cough
remember:always wear mask or n95 respirator
requirements:patient has private room, everyone who enters wear a mask, if coming in contact
with patient, gloves. good hand hygiene should be practiced
contact isolation - ANS why:patient has infection that can be spread through direct contact
ex: skin and wound infections
remember:wear gloves, gown
requirements: patient private room, everyone who enters must wear gloves and sometimes a
gown, good hand hygiene, medical equipment touched by patient should be dedicated to patient
or cleaned according to facility
reverse isolation - ANS why:patient susceptible to infection
ex:transplant patients, immune compromised patients, burn victims
remember:followign signage, mask, gown, gloves(baseline)
requirements: depending on the needle of the patient and function of healthcare worker within
the room, various levels and types of ppe will be required, hand washing priority.
Infectious waste - ANS saturated bloody gauze,needle, tube, syringes,tubes. anything
sharp or can become sharp.always should have symbol on container
Needle Safety - ANS never break, bend, recap, remove needles; if you must put cover over
needle in home setting , do 1 handed recap.
bio and sharp waste - ANS everything that becomes sharp, needle,hub,tubes,always have
symbol, saturated bloody thins
FDA - ANS Food and Drug Administration. The agency that is responsible for determining if
a food or drug is safe and effective enough to be sold to the public.
CDC - ANS Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; provides safety guidelines for
medical offices and facilities