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NURS 3380 - CNS & Neurodegenerative-Questions with Correct Answers/ Verified

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What quality does a drug have to have in order to cross the BBB? Lipophilic If a drug is _______ or ________ _________, it cannot cross the BBB Ionized, protein bound What causes Parkinson's disease? Neurons shrink —> decreased amount and ability to release dopamine —> abnormal signa...

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  • August 16, 2024
  • 15
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • NURS 3380
  • NURS 3380
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MikeHarris
NURS 3380 - CNS & Neurodegenerative-Questions with Correct
Answers/ Verified
What quality does a drug have to have in order to cross the BBB?

Lipophilic

If a drug is _______ or ________ _________, it cannot cross the BBB

Ionized, protein bound

What causes Parkinson's disease?

Neurons shrink —> decreased amount and ability to release dopamine —> abnormal signaling —->
abnormal movement

What causes the distinct tremors of Parkinson's Disease?

Increased acetylcholine from decreased dopamine

What are the main signs and symptoms of Parkinson's disease?

Tremor
Rigidity, cogwheel
Akinesia
Posture and balance

What is the therapeutic goal with Parkinson's disease?

Increase dopamine

What drug used for Parkinson's promotes dopamine synthesis?

Levodopa

T/F: Levadopa is to be administered alone

F - combined almost always

What causes the side effects associated with Levadopa?

Dopamine signaling in the periphery

What are the most important side effects of Levadopa?

- malignant melanoma
- diminished effect
- N/V

How is Levadopa administered?

PO

Where does most of Levadopa absorption occur?

Small intestine

T/F: very little Levadopa enters the brain (which is the target)

, T - most absorbed in small intestine

What type of food should you teach patients to AVOID when taking Levadopa. Why?

High protein -- L-amino acids diminish therapeutic effect

What are the main benefits of the Levadopa/Carbidopa combination?

- Lower dose with increased effects
- Decreased side effects

What DRUGS interact with Levadopa by decreasing it's therapeutic effects?

- dopamine antagonist
- non-selective MAOIs

What drug CLASSES are used for Parkinson's disease and INHIBIT dopamine breakdown?

- DOPA Decarboxylase Inhibitors
- COMT Inhibitors
- MAO-B inhibitors

What drug is a DOPA decarboxylase inhibitor?

Carpidopa

What is Carpidopa's mechanism of action?

Inhibit dopamine breakdown

Carpidopa _________ the amount of levadopa metabolized in the small intestines

Decreases

What drugs are COMT inhibitors, used to prevent the breakdown of dopamine?

- entacapone

- Tolcapone

What are the side effects of Entacapone, the prototype COMT inhibitor?

- N/V
- Diarrhea
- yellow/orange urine

What are the side effects of Tolcapone, the preffered COMT inhibitor for Parkinson’s?

- may enhance side effects of levadopa
- diminished effect
- malignant melanoma
- N/V

What is the preffered COMT inhibitor for Parkinson's disease?

Tolcapone

What drugs interact with COMT inhibitors by increasing effects (entacapone, Tolcapone)?

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