NURS 3380 - Respiratory and GI-Questions with Correct Answers/ Verified
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Course
NURS 3380
Institution
NURS 3380
What is asthma?
Chronic inflammatory lower airway condition
What is the cause of asthma?
Immune mediated airway inflammation
What are the signs and symptoms of asthma?
- breathlessness
- dyspnea
- wheezing
- cough
- tight chest
What type of cells are released and trigger inflammatory medi...
What type of cells are released and trigger inflammatory mediators in asthma?
Mast cells
What is COPD?
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease - progressive and irreversible
What are the signs and symptoms of COPD
- sputum
- wheezing
- poor exercise tolerance
What are the main causes of COPD?
- genetics
- smoking
- air pollution
What is the most common route of drugs used for asthma and COPD?
Inhalation
Why is inhalation a preffered method for asthma and COPD?
Enhances therapeutic effect and minimizes systemic effects
Why is a spacer useful?
- increased amount of drug that gets into lung
- decreased risk of yeast infection of mouth
T/F: inhaler pumps can be taken as many times back to back as you want
F - wait one minute between puffs
What agents are used in asthma and COPD and are used prophylactically?
, Anti-inflammatory
What drugs are glucocorticoids?
- beclamethasone
- prednisone
What type of anti-inflammatory agent is the most effective at long-term reduction of airway
inflammation?
Glucocorticoids
What is the action of beclamethasone and prednisone?
- decrease synthesis and release of inflammatory mediators
- decrease edema and airway mucosa caused by beta2 agonists
- decrease infiltration and activity of inflammatory cells to lungs
Why is beclamethasone safer than prednisone?
Because it is inhaled - PO is more dangerous
What drug is considered the 1st line of therapy for airway inflammation
Beclamethasone
What are the adverse effects of beclamethasone?
- thrush
- dysphasia
- adrenal suppression
What are the adverse effects of prednisone?
ADRENAL SUPPRESSION (hypoglycemia, hypotension, MS change, anorexia, fatigue) - more
profound in peds pts.
What type of drug is considered a second-line to inhaled glucocorticoids?
Leukotriene modulators
What are the adverse effects of leukotriene modulators?
Usually well tolerated, but in severe cases:
- depression
- suicidal thoughts
What type of patients are leukotriene modulators contraindicated in?
Psych
What are the drug names in the class of leukotriene modulators? What is their route?
- zofirluikast
- montelukast
- zileuton
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