nigrostriatal pathway - Answer -from substantia nigra (brainstem) to striatum (muscles): Parkinson's
mesolimbic pathway - Answer -projects to nucleus accumbens (part of limbic system). Pleasure, reward,
positive symptoms of schizophrenia: Addiction, gambling
Tuberoinfundibular pathway - Answer -regulation of prolactin (acts on pituitary). Hypersexuality in
mania
Dopamine - Answer -produced in substania nigra and VTA. D2 & D4 receptors most important. Elevated
in the mesolimbic pathway associated with pleasure and psychosis. Antispychotics block dopamine.
travels through mesocoritcal, mesolimbic, nigrostriatal, and tuberinfundibular pathways
Serotonin - Answer -5-HT. produced in raphe nucleus. emotion, impulses, dreams. 5HT2A receptors =
atypical antipsychotics.
Norepinephrine - Answer -produced in locus coeruleus. arousal and vigilance
GABA - Answer -inhibitory. produces calm in conjunction with benzodiazepines.
, ACTH - Answer -motor control, learning, memory, sleep, and dreams. Helps with balance. Decrease in
Alzheimer's disease
hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA) - Answer -CRH, ACTH, then cortisol. Worsens with stress and
depression
hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) - Answer -TRH, TSH, T4. Hypothyroid causes depression, weight
gain, slow metabolism. Hyperthyroid is opposite.
parietal lobe - Answer -receive and process sensory input
Wernicke's area - Answer -temporal and parietal lobes; speech
amygdala - Answer -fear response.
hippocampus - Answer -memory. Make up limbic system with amydgala
HIPAA - Answer -1. education about privacy protection, 2. access to own medical records, 3. request
amendment to health information to which they object, 4. require permission for disclosure of medical
issues
forensic nursing - Answer -based on crime committed and investigational aspects
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