FPGEE REVIEW QUESTIONSBANK 2024/2025 WITH GUARANTEED ACCURATE ANSWERS |VERIFIED
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Course
FPGEE
Institution
FPGEE
Pharmacokinetics - ACCURATE ANSWERWhat the BODY does to the DRUG
Pharmacodynamics - ACCURATE ANSWERWhat the DRUG does to the BODY
1. Absorption
2. Distribution
3. Metabolism
4. Elimination - ACCURATE ANSWERPharmacokinetic properties determining the onset, intensity, and duration of drug ac...
FPGEE REVIEW QUESTIONSBANK
2024/2025
FPGEE REVIEW QUESTIONSBANK 2024/2025 WITH GUARANTEED ACCURATE
ANSWERS |VERIFIED
Pharmacokinetics - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅What the BODY does to the
DRUG
Pharmacodynamics - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅What the DRUG does to the
BODY
1. Absorption
2. Distribution
3. Metabolism
4. Elimination - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅Pharmacokinetic properties
determining the onset, intensity, and duration of drug action.
,Absorption - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅From the site of administration, permits
entry of the drug (either directly or indirectly) into plasma.
Distribution - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅The drug may reversibly leave the
bloodstream and distribute into the interstitial and intracellular fluids.
Metabolism - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅The drug may be biotransformed
through metabolism by the liver or other tissues.
Elimination - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅The drug and its metabolites are
eliminated from the body in urine, bile, or feces.
Enteral ROA - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅Administration by mouth. The most
common, convenient, and economical method of drug administration.
Oral ROA - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅Easily self-administered, and toxicities
and/or overdose may be overcome with antidotes, such as activated charcoal.
Disadvantage of Oral ROA - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅Pathways involved are
the most complicated, and the low gastric pH inactivates some drugs.
Enteric-coated Preparations - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅Chemical envelope
that protects the drug from stomach acid, delivering it instead to the less acidic
intestine, where the coating dissolves and releases the drug.
Advantage of Enteric-coated Preparations - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅Useful
for acid labile and drugs that are irritating to the stomach (i.e. aspirin).
,Extended-release Preparations - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅Have special
coatings or ingredients that control drug release, thereby allowing for slower
absorption and prolonged duration of action.
Advantage of Extended-release Preparations - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅Can
be dosed less frequently and may improve patient compliance.
May maintain concentrations within the therapeutic range over a longer duration.
Sublingual ROA - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅Placement of drug under the
tongue.
Buccal ROA - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅Placement of drug between the cheek
and gum.
Advantages of Sublingual/Buccal ROA - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅Ease of
administration, rapid absorption, bypass of the harsh gastrointestinal (GI)
environment, and avoidance of first-pass metabolism (see discussion of first-pass
metabolism below)
In FAST response fibers - Electrolyte involved in phase 0 - ACCURATE
ANSWER✅✅Na+ influx
In FAST response fibers - Electrolyte involved in phase 2 - ACCURATE
ANSWER✅✅Ca+ influx, K+ outflux plateau
In FAST response fibers - Electrolyte involved in phase 3 - ACCURATE
ANSWER✅✅K+ outflux (Ca+ drops off) rapid repolarization
In SLOW response fibers - Electrolyte involved in phase 0 - ACCURATE
ANSWER✅✅Ca+(few Na+ channels in Nodal fibers)
, In SLOW response fibers - Electrolyte involved in phase 3 - ACCURATE
ANSWER✅✅K+ outflux repolarization
In SLOW response fibers - Electrolyte involved in phase 4 - ACCURATE
ANSWER✅✅"Mainly Na+ (This is the pacemaker current) aarapim. "
Ectopic rhythm can result from - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅ischemia,
electrolyte abnormalities, or heightened sympathetic tone
If an early afterdepolarization is sustained - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅torades
de pointes (QRS complexes of varying amplitudes)
ECG of a patient with an accessory pathway (bundle of Kent) - ACCURATE
ANSWER✅✅"Wide QRS complexes, early ventricular upstroke (also
predisposed to re-entry loops) (Wolff Parkinson White (WPW) syndrome) wolff-
parkinson-white-accessory-bundle-bundle-of-Kent "
MOA of quinidine - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅Blocks (open-activated) Na+
channels: In SA Nodal tissue - Shift to a more positive threshold and decrease the
pacemaker slope (phase 4), In Ventricular tissue - Decreases the phase 0 slope
(depolarization) and block K+ channels prolongs repolarization (longer refractory
period protected from reentry currents): Anticholanergic (vagolytic effect faster
conduction through AV node)
Indications of quinidine - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅"atrial flutter or fibrillation
maintain normal sinus rhythm,Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia, Premature
atrial or ventricular contractions, paroxysmal AV junctional rhythm 9"
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