Social Psychology - Chapter 7: Attitudes and
Attitude Change Questions and Correct
Answers
Attitudes
✓ ~~~ Evaluations of people, objects, and ideas
Notes:
Attitude object
✓ ~~~ An attitude object is the concept around which an attitude is formed and
changes over time. This attitude represents an evaluative integration of cognitions
and affects in relation to the attitude object.
Salience
✓ ~~~ Cognitively available
Cognitively based attitude (thoughts)
✓ ~~~ An attitude based primarily on peoples beliefs about the properties of an
attitude or thought
Notes:
Affectively based attitude (Feelings)
, ✓ ~~~ An attitude based more on people's feelings and values than on their beliefs
about the nature of an attitude object
Notes:
Classical conditioning
✓ ~~~ The phenomenon whereby a stimulus that elicits an emotional response is
repeatedly paired with a neutral stimulus that does not, until the neutral stimulus
takes on the emotional properties of the first stimulus
Notes:
Operant conditioning
✓ ~~~ the phenomenon whereby behaviours we freely choose to perform become
more or less frequent, depending on whether they are followed by a reward or
punishment
Notes:
Behaviourally based attitude
✓ ~~~ An attitude based on observations of how one behaves toward an object
Notes:
Explicit attitude
, ✓ ~~~ Attitudes that we consciously endorse and can easily report
Notes:
Implicit attitudes
✓ ~~~ Attitudes that exist outside of conscious awareness
Notes:
Attitude accessibility
✓ ~~~ The strength of the association between an attitude object and a person's
evaluation of that object, measured by the speed with which people can report how
they feel about the object
Notes:
Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB)
✓ ~~~ The idea that people's intentions are the best predictors of their deliberate
behaviours, which are determined by their attitudes toward specific behaviours,
subjective norms, and perceived behavioural control
Notes:
Persuasive communication
, ✓ ~~~ A message advocating a particular side of an issue
Notes:
Yale Attitude Change Approach
✓ ~~~ The study of the conditions under which people are most likely to change their
attitudes in response to persuasive messages, focusing on the source of the
communication, the nature of the communication, and the nature of the audience
Notes:
Elaboration likelihood model
✓ ~~~ A model explaining two ways in which persuasive communications can cause
attitude change: centrally, when people are motivated and have the ability to pay
attention to the arguments in the communication, and peripherally, when people do
not pay attention to the arguments but are instead swayed by surface characteristics
Notes:
Central route persuasion
✓ ~~~ The case in which people have both the ability and the motivation to elaborate
on a persuasive communication, listening carefully to and thinking about the
arguments presented
Notes:
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