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Sports Law Exam 3 Questions with correct Answers 2024( A+ GRADED 100% VERIFIED).
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Sports Law Exam 3antitrust laws - ANS a field of law used to create economic efficiency in economic markets
How does antitrust law work? - ANS by promoting fair competition in business
When there is fair competition in business, prices go ____ and quality goes ___, - ANS down,
up
In order to stay profitable, businesses have to ? - ANS Have the best products at the lowest
prices
T or F? Competition in sports antitrust law does refer to on-field competition - ANS false
Businesses (including sport entities) compete with each other for what? - ANS Customers and
market share, cheaper/better access to supplies, the best and cheapest employees
Section 1 of the Sherman Act of 1890 - ANS Forbids contracts, combinations, or conspiracies
that unreasonably restrain competition
Example of Section 1 violation: - ANS Price Fixing: business work together to set the price of a
particular product, supply, or labor at an industry wide cost. This means they do not compete
with each other
Section 2 of the Sherman Act: - ANS Prohibits the act of monopolization and attempts or
conspiracies to monopolize trade.
What is a monopoly? - ANS Exclusive control of a supply or market that is very hard to prove
What agencies enforce antitrust violations? - ANS The FTC and the Antitrust division of the
department of justice
Criminal penalties for antitrust violations are? - ANS For individuals: Minor fees - 1 Million in
fines, and potentially 10 years in prison
Can Antitrust violation be enforced in civil lawsuits? - ANS Yes, the clayton act of 1912 says
that proven civil damages from antitrust violations are automatically tripled to discourage
violations
, T or F: Most Antitrust issues in sport are enforced using section 1 of the Sherman Act - ANS
true
Why are most issues in sport related to section 1? - ANS Individual teams are generally
considered to be separate entities
What cases deal with allegations of a league conspiring with stadium owners, television
broadcasters, or governing bodies to freeze out other leagues? - ANS Federal Baseball v.
National League, 1922; AFL v. NFL, 1963; USFL v. NFL, 1988; NASL v. US Soccer Federation,
2018
Allegations that leagues banning certain types of brands or equipment unreasonably kicks
certain manufacturers out of the market - ANS Gunter Harz Sports v. U.S. Tennis Association,
1981; M&H Tire Co v. Hoosier Racing Tire Corp, 1984; Marucci Sports v. NCAA, 2014
Restrictions by leagues on player movement, player salaries, etc. - ANS Toolson v. NY
Yankees, 1953; Radovich v. NFL, 1957; Flood v. Kuhn, 1972; Wood v. NBA, 1987; Fraser v.
MLS, 2002
What are the three elements the courts look at to determine if something is a section 1
violation? - ANS An agreement between two or more parties (if only one party it could be a
monopoly), The activity affects interstate commerce, and the activity unreasonably restrains
trade
2 test to determine if an activity unreasonably restrains trade - ANS Per se Test and Rule of
Reason test
Per Se Test: - ANS Restraint of trade that are obviously unreasonable are immediately
invalidated
Rule of Reason: - ANS Court must balance harm to competition vs benefit of restraint
What is the 3 step process of the rule of reason test? - ANS Step 1: Plaintiff must show that the
defendants activity had a adverse effect on competition
Step 2: Defendant must give evidence that the wrongful activity has procompetitive virtues
Step 3: Plaintiff must prove that the challenged conduct is not reasonably necessary to achieve
those virtues
What activities have been ruled to be exempt from antitrust scrutiny? - ANS Actions in
professional baseball, Single entity organizations, amateurism, union activity, collectively
bargained employment terms
Federal Baseball Club v. National League (1922) - ANS Professional baseball is not interstate
commerce, therefore sherman act cannot apply
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