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BSNC 6000 Final Exam Questions With Correct Answers. What is hypersensitivity? - answerA persons immune system reacts in a way that damages them rather than protecting them What is type III hypersensitivity? - answerAntigen-antibody complexes deposit into blood vessel walls causing inflammatio...

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  • August 16, 2024
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BRIGHTSTARS EXAM STUDY SOLUTIONS 8/15/2024 2:05 PM



BSNC 6000 Final Exam Questions With
Correct Answers.


What is hypersensitivity? - answer✔✔A persons immune system reacts in a way that damages
them rather than protecting them

What is type III hypersensitivity? - answer✔✔Antigen-antibody complexes deposit into blood
vessel walls causing inflammation and tissue damage

what cells produce antibody? - answer✔✔plasma cells

what is type 1 hypersensitivity? - answer✔✔presence of IgE specific to an allergen

what is the MOI of type 1 hypersensitivity? - answer✔✔histamine stimulates mucus secretion in
the nasal passages and tears that leads to inflammation

what are examples of type 1 hypersensitivity? - answer✔✔(atopic diseases) allergic reactions,
asthma, dermatitis, and anaphylaxis

what is the immune mechanism of type II hypersensitivity? - answer✔✔anti-body mediated
immune reaction where antibodies like IgG or IgM are directed against cells. This is an
autoreactive antibody that targets its own tissues.

What is the MOI of type II hypersensitivity? - answer✔✔cellular destruction, functional loss,
and tissue damage d/t antibodies targeting the body.
examples of type II hypersensitivity and where are they commonly seen -
answer✔✔autoimmune diseases, infections, cytopenias, and hemolytic anemias. seen in
transplants and blood transfusions.

What is the immune mechanism of type III hypersensitivity? - answer✔✔mediated by immune
complexes like antigen-antibody (IgG) complexes accumulating in the body.

which type of hypersensitivity is most complex? - answer✔✔type III

What is the MOI for type III hypersensitivity? - answer✔✔antigen-antibody complexes
deposited in blood vessel walls cause inflammation and tissue damage where the complexes
accumulate.

,BRIGHTSTARS EXAM STUDY SOLUTIONS 8/15/2024 2:05 PM
Common examples of type III hypersensitivity - answer✔✔SLE (Lupus) and RA (rheumatoid
arthritis)

What is the immune mechanism of type IV hypersensitivity? - answer✔✔autoreactive cytotoxic
cells

what is the MOI in type IV hypersensitivity? - answer✔✔autoreactive cytotoxic cells attack the
bodies own tissues especially i the lungs and airways.

common examples of type IV hypersensitivity - answer✔✔HIV, RSV, contact dermatitis, TB,
MS, and DM1

why is lupus rare? - answer✔✔because it requires a series of complex events that need to occur
over many years.

steps for lupus to occur? - answer✔✔genetic predisposition --> macrophage challenging event
(covid) --> unregulated apoptosis of macrophages --> build up of debris in the body causes the
making of antibodies --> immune system is now compromised --> we make antibodies against
ourself

what do macrophages do? - answer✔✔after infection they clean up debris in the tissue and
release cytokines to signal tissue repair

true or false: macrophage function is a spectrum - answer✔✔true, some people have hypoactive
and some hyperactive

what is an example of a trigger that challenges the macrophages - answer✔✔hydralazine, a type
of vasodilator

common events that lead to flare ups - answer✔✔pregnancy (stiulates antibody production) and
UV light (sun stimulates immune response)

Lupus causes briefly - answer✔✔genetic predisposition + preceding event (viral illness, drug,
environmental exposure, stress/trauma, and estrogen shifting (post-puberty, postpartum, and
menopause))

what is SLE? - answer✔✔a chronic multi-symptom autoimmune disease

where are the symptoms of SLE? - answer✔✔they are diverse with inflammation affecting
multiple organ systems

what kind of disease is SLE? - answer✔✔it is a waxing and waning disease

Patho of Lupus briefly - answer✔✔antibody-antigen complexes deposited in microvasculature
and basement membrane of nephrons --> these antigens include proteins normally protected
inside the cell called nuclear antigens --> complement proteins attract neutrophils and trigger
inflammation

, BRIGHTSTARS EXAM STUDY SOLUTIONS 8/15/2024 2:05 PM
common symptoms of SLE - answer✔✔frequent fevers, photophobia (light sensitivity), anxiety,
depression, personality changes, mental health changes, nausea, vomiting, GI discomfort

common flare up triggers for lupus - answer✔✔sunlight, pregnancy, stress

SLE symptoms in the head - answer✔✔hair loss, low fevers, impaired saliva production,
butterfly rash, mental health changes, visual changes, fatigue, and seizures

SLE symptoms in the immune system - answer✔✔lymphadenopathy (inflammed lymph nodes)

SLE hematological symptoms - answer✔✔anemia and thrombocytopenia (low platelet count)

SLE heart symptoms - answer✔✔pericarditis d/t lots of small vasculature

SLE lung symptoms - answer✔✔chest pain that needs immediate medical attention, pleuritis,
and pleural effusion d/t inflammation

SLE GI symptoms - answer✔✔N/V, IBS, diarrhea, sterile peritonitis (infection of the abdominal
cavity without infectious pathogens)

SLE joint symptoms - answer✔✔pain and swelling

SLE Kidney symptoms - answer✔✔protein and blood in the urine d/t blood vessels being
blocked by neutrophils

SLE finger/toe symptoms - answer✔✔they can turn blue

risk factors for SLE - answer✔✔hispanic, physical trauma, chronic stress, and must have the
genetic component

what are the lab tests for SLE - answer✔✔ANA, ESR, CRP, and low complement

What is ANA in lab tests for SLE? - answer✔✔Anti-nuclear antibody elevation. normally Igs are
not reactive to nuclear proteins/DNA

how is an ANA test done? - answer✔✔the patients test cells are made permeable and mixed with
Igs from patient serum

What is ESR in SLE lab test? - answer✔✔Erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Cells settle at the
bottom of the tube at a faster rate.

What does high ESR mean? - answer✔✔inflammation

What is CRP in Lupus lab testing - answer✔✔C reactive protein

what does CRP indicate in a lab test? - answer✔✔inflammation

What low complement proteins are tested in SLE? - answer✔✔C3 and C4

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