Exam (elaborations)
CNIM - ABRET PRACTICE EXAM QUESTIONS
- Course
- Institution
CNIM - ABRET PRACTICE EXAM QUESTIONS
[Show more]
Content preview
CNIM - ABRET PRACTICE EXAM QUESTIONSCavities inside the skull - Answers -Anterior/middle/posterior fossa
Cranial bones - Answers -Frontal, occipital, sphenoid, ethmoid (unpaired). Parietal &
temporal (paired).
Mental protuberance - Answers -chin bone
MCA supply of the cerebral cortex - Answers -Hand + face/mouth/auditory
Cranial nerves - Answers --12 pairs (Mixed fibers: sensory/motor/both).
-Emerge @ irregular intervals from the brain.
-Nuclei displacement:
Motor = medial Sensory = lateral
Meckle's Cave - Answers -Depression in the medial middle fossa where CN V ganglion
sits
Low frequency sounds - Answers -@ apex of cochlea
Area of spine w/ small pedicles, long spinous process, large inter-vertebral foramen -
Answers -Thoracic
Neuroforamen - Answers -Opening w/in the spinal canal for nerve roots to enter the SC
Firm outer layer of the disc - Answers -Annulus fibrosis
Syrinx - Answers -Fluid-filled cavity @ center of the SC
Spinal cord ends @ the level btwn: - Answers -L1-L2 vertebrae (Conus Medullaris)
Blood supply to the SC consists of: - Answers -1 ASA for both MEP tracts
Hydrostatic pressure - Answers -Depends on body position
Structural functional anatomy may be altered by: - Answers -Previous lesions, current,
plasticity, pressure
Glia cell - Answers -Comes from the Greek word "glue"
Large diameter nerve fiber (vs. small diameter) - Answers --Recruited 1st w/ INC'd stim
intensity
-Higher conduction velocity
-More vulnerable to hypoxia & pressure Δ's
,Synaptic transmission, and/or Δ's in thalamocortical projections, produce - Answers -
Cortical potentials
Peripheral nerve sensitivity - Answers -Least sensitive to injury (more sensitive = SC
grey/white mater, cortical grey matter)
Cavernous angiomas - Answers -Multi-lobulated lesions containing hemorrhage
Geriatric population: prevalence of temporal bone hyperostosis - Answers -10-15%
Presbycusis - Answers -High freq hearing loss; gradually occurs in older individuals
Most commonly injured CN - Answers -Facial nerve (VII)
Burst fracture - Answers --Break in the vertebra
-Failure of anterior & middle vertebral columns
-Caused by violent compressive event (fall, MVA)
Excessive neck flexion in sitting position - Answers -Quadraparesis (due to ischemia in
upper T-spine)
Lhermittes Sign - Answers -Shocking sensation that occurs throughout the body during
neck flexion
Central Cord Syndrome (CCS) - Answers --Sacral sparing
-Loss of sensory/motor fx @ level of injury
-Disruption of grey matter
(+) Babinski Sign could indicate - Answers --severe [UMN] SC trauma
-abnml PTN SSEPs
Hoffman's Reflex (1918) - Answers -Palmar flexion of the thumb when the distal phalanx
of the middle finger (of the same hand) is rapidly stroked
A nml curve of the lumbar spine taking place @ 1-2 y/o - Answers -Kyphosis
Scoliosis progression in peds - Answers -More likely in girls > boys
Apraxia - Answers -Difficulty w/ skilled mvmnts
Neurapraxia - Answers -PNS disorder: blockage of sensory + motor nerve conduction
(w/o axonal damage)
INC venous pressure leads to - Answers --venous congestion; DEC drainage of nml
veins; chronic hypoxia
-NOT hypotension
, common source of air embolism introduction into the blood supply - Answers -Superior
sagittal sinus
MAC is approximated by the effect of anesthesia on - Answers -H-reflex (mvmnt when
stimulated)
Sevo/Des/N2O - Answers -DO NOT act on the same neuronal receptors
On an equi-MAC basis (w/ equivalent doses of anes), which has the greatest effect on
MEPs of recorded mm's? - Answers -N2O
N2O - Answers --synergistic IONM effects when mixed w/ Iso --> depressed IONM
-weak anesthetic agent
-causes ~75% DEC in SSEP amplitudes
Desflurane - Answers --affects NMJ --> enhances effect of NMBs
-no effect on MEP CMAPs
-eliminates most rapidly
Isoflurane 1.7% - Answers -may result in burst suppression
TIVA MoA on pt mvmnt - Answers -Glycine receptor blocking in the SC
Which is not a major MoA of the usual anesthetic agents that affect IONM? - Answers -
Inhibition of nerve conduction velocity
EP modality most affected by propofol - Answers -Mid-latency auditory response
Ketamine - Answers -(NMDA antagonist)
-does NOT act @ GABA synapse
-desirable for peds <6-10 y/o + TCeMEP monitoring
-agent that least depresses SSEPs
-SSEP/MEP = INC amp
-EEG = INC beta
Propofol - Answers -(GABA agonist)
-SSEP/BAER = INC latency
-EEG = slowing
Etomidate - Answers -(GABA agonist)
-SSEP/MEP: INC amp
-EEG: slowing
dexmeditomidine (Precedex) - Answers -(α2-adrenergic antagonist)
-mimics nml sleep; awakening --> most nml neuro exam
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller GEEKA. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $12.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
62890 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now