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BSNC 1000 FINAL STUDY GUIDE

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  • BSNC 1000

BSNC 1000 FINAL STUDY GUIDE Mobility - Definition - answer- state or quality of being mobile or movable - necessary for performing ADL's Mobility - Physiological Requirements - answer* Neurological function * Muscle strength * Skeletal stability * Joint function * Energy Mobility - Neurolog...

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  • August 17, 2024
  • 22
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • BSNC 1000
  • BSNC 1000
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BRIGHTSTARS EXAM STUDY SOLUTIONS 8/15/2024 2:05 PM



BSNC 1000 FINAL STUDY GUIDE


Mobility - Definition - answer✔✔- state or quality of being mobile or movable
- necessary for performing ADL's

Mobility - Physiological Requirements - answer✔✔* Neurological function
* Muscle strength
* Skeletal stability
* Joint function
* Energy

Mobility - Neurological Function - answer✔✔signal between motor cortex in cerebellum of the
brain and rest of the body through nerve impulses

Mobility - Muscle Strength - answer✔✔muscles and bones work together to support and move
together, attach to the bones and pull them to allow for movements by contraction and relaxation

Proprioception - answer✔✔our sense of body position

Mobility - Skeletal Stability - answer✔✔gives the body shape, protect body organ and support
weight

Gross motor function - answer✔✔includes legs, arms, torso: activities such as walking, running

Fine motor function - answer✔✔includes wrists, fingers, angles, toes: activities such as writing,
threading, cutting

Full Mobility - answer✔✔a mix of Gross motor function, Fine motor function, coordination

Mobility - Joint Function - answer✔✔skeletal and muscle joined together
--> Mobility is impacted by the degree of joint freedom

Mobility - Energy - answer✔✔needs adequate energy and nutrients, perfusion and gas exchange
can also affect mobility

When might someone have partial mobility? - answer✔✔--> disorders & diseases:
cardiovascular conditions, obesity, musculoskeletal fragility, depression

,BRIGHTSTARS EXAM STUDY SOLUTIONS 8/15/2024 2:05 PM
--> sedentary lifestyle
--> acute injuries
--> age

How is perfusion linked with mobility? - answer✔✔* cardiac output
* venous return
* blood supply


--> if you are less mobile than there is a decreased flow of oxygenated blood

How is gas exchange linked with mobility? - answer✔✔* lung expansion
* O2 supply/CO2 removal


--> reduced mobility because of excessive fatigue → can develop pneumonia due to stasis from
reduced lung expansion


- bad gas exchanged linked with poor perfusion could cause tissue weakness and damage,
impacting mobility

What conditions are associated with limited mobility? - answer✔✔* sarcopenia
* osteoporosis
* osteoarthritis

Mobility- what are some age related changes? - answer✔✔a) neurological function: shrinking
and slowing of the nervous system
b) musculoskeletal function: muscle mass and tone decreases + bone density decreases
c) other body systems:
--> cardiovascular system: reduced cardiac capacity
--> respiratory system: reduced lung expansion

Mobility - bone tissue organization - answer✔✔* Compact/cortical bone
* Cancellous/ Spongy bone

Mobility - Compact/cortical bone - answer✔✔- strong and dense
- composed of repeating structural units --> osteons

, BRIGHTSTARS EXAM STUDY SOLUTIONS 8/15/2024 2:05 PM
- forms the hard outer layer of a bone

Mobility - Spongy/Cancellous - answer✔✔- light and porous
- contains lattice-shaped meshwork --> trabeculae
- found in the interior of a bone

Mobility - Peak Bone Mass - answer✔✔- during childhood and adolescence, bone formation
exceeds resorption
--> bones grow larger and denser
--> most people reach their peak bone mass between the ages of 25 to 30

Mobility- Factors influencing peak bone mass - answer✔✔- genetics --> sex, race
- hormones --> estrogen, testosterone, vitamin D
- nutrition --> calcium
- types of physical activity --> weight-bearing exercises, resistant exercises

Which part of the bone does remodelling occur? - answer✔✔outer surface of the bone

Osteoporosis - epidemiology - answer✔✔- 80% of those with osteoporosis were women
- risk for osteoporosis doubles every 5 years between ages of 40-60

Osteoporosis - age-related changes - answer✔✔* after age 30, bone resorption slowly exceeds
bone formation
* post menopausal women (50+)
- accelerated bone loss due to sex hormone deficiency
* old-age (70+)
- reduced proliferative capacity of bone cells
- decrease in activation of vitamin D
- reduced physical activities (seniors --> decreased bone mass)




--> overall bone becomes thinner, weaker and more brittle with age
- osteopenia develops and can progress to osteoporosis

Osteoporosis - sex related changes - answer✔✔males --> start with higher peak bone mass and
bigger bone structure & slower decline in sex steroids concentration and bone density

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