CHA Final Exam Questions And Answers Rated A+ New Update Assured Satisfaction
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The nurse is caring for a client who is on a mechanical ventilator. Blood gas results indicate a pH of 7.50
and a PaCO2 of 30 mmHg. The nurse has determined that the client is experiencing respiratory alkalosis.
Which laboratory value would most likely be noted in this condition?
1. Sodium level...
CHA Final Exam
The nurse is caring for a client who is on a mechanical ventilator. Blood gas results indicate a pH of 7.50
and a PaCO2 of 30 mmHg. The nurse has determined that the client is experiencing respiratory alkalosis.
Which laboratory value would most likely be noted in this condition?
1. Sodium level of 145 mEq/L
2. Potassium level of 3.0 mEq/L
3. Magnesium level of 1.3 mEq/L
4. Phosphorus level of 3.0 mg/dL - 2. Potassium level of 3.0 mEq/L
A nurse is preparing to administer oral potassium for a client who has a potassium level of 5.5 mEq/L.
Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
a. Administer a hypertonic solution.
b. Repeat the potassium level.
c. Withhold the medication.
d. Monitor for paresthesia - c. Withhold the medication.
The greatest risk to the client is bradycardia, hypotension, and life-threatening cardiac complications due
to hyperkalemia, defined as a potassium level above 5.0 mEq/L. Therefore, the nurse's priority action is
to withhold the oral potassium and notify the provider
While reviewing a client's lab results, a nurse notes a serum calcium level of 8.0 mg/dL. Which of the
following actions should the nurse take?
a. Implement seizure precautions
b. Administer Phosphate
c. Initiate diuretic therapy
d. Prepare the client for hemodialysis - a. Implement seizure precautions
,The client is at risk for seizures due to low excitation threshold as a result of a decreased calcium level.
The nurse should initiate seizure precautions to prevent injury
A nurse is reviewing the lab report of a client who has fluid volume excess. Which of the following lab
values should the nurse expect?
a. Hemoglobin 20 g/dL
b. Hematocrit 34%
c. BUN 25 mg/dL
d. Urine specific gravity 1.050 - b. Hematocrit 34%
The nurse should identify that a client who has fluid volume excess can have a hematocrit level that is
below the expected reference range of 37 to 47% for females or 42 to 52% for males. Fluid volume
excess can cause hemodilution and a decreased hematocrit level.
A nurse is assessing a client who has respiratory acidosis. Which of the following findings should the
nurse expect?
a. Confusion
b. Peripheral edema
c. Facial flushing
d. Hyperreflexia - a. Confusion
A client who has respiratory acidosis will experience confusion from a lack of cerebral perfusion. If
acidosis is not reversed, the client's level of consciousness will decrease and coma may occur.
A nurse is teaching nutritional strategies to a client who has low serum calcium level and an allergy to
milk. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
,a. "I will eat more cheese because I can't drink milk."
b. "I need to avoid foods with vitamin D because I am allergic to milk."
c. "I will stop taking my calcium supplements if they irritate my stomach."
d. "I will add broccoli and kale to my diet." - d. "I will add broccoli and kale to my diet."
The nurse should recommend that the client consume broccoli and kale, which are good sources of
calcium, as alternatives to dairy products.
A nurse is reviewing ABG results for four clients. Which of the following findings should the nurse
identify as metabolic acidosis?
a. pH 7.51, PaO2 94 mm Hg, PaCO2 38 mm Hg, HCO3- 29 mEq/L
b. pH 7.48, PaO2 89 mm Hg, PaCO2 30 mm Hg, HCO3- 24 mEq/L
c. pH 7.36, PaO2 77 mm Hg, PaCO2 52 mm Hg, HCO3- 26 mEq/L
d. pH 7.26, PaO2 84 mm Hg, PaCO2 38 mm Hg, HCO3- 20 mEq/L - d. pH 7.26, PaO2 84 mm Hg,
PaCO2 38 mm Hg, HCO3- 20 mEq/L
A pH below 7.35 is an indication of acidosis. HCO3- below 22 mEq/L is an indication of metabolic
acidosis.
A nurse is assessing a client who has a serum calcium level of 8.1 mg/dL. Which of the following findings
is the priority for the nurse to assess?
a. Deep-tendon reflexes
, b. Cardiac rhythm
c. Peripheral sensation
d. Bowel sounds - b. Cardiac rhythm
When using the airway, breathing, circulation approach to client care, the nurse should first assess the
client's cardiac rhythm because this total serum calcium level is below the expected reference range.
Hypocalcemia can cause ECG changes, bradycardia, or tachycardia.
The nurse should plan to monitor the client for orthostatic hypotension, which places him at risk for falls.
Orthostatic hypotension is a manifestation of hypokalemia.
A nurse is admitting a client who has status asthmaticus. The client's ABG results are:
pH: 7.32
paO2: 74 mmHg
PaCO2: 56 mmHg
HCO3: 26 mEq/L
The nurse should interpret these lab values as which of the following imbalances?
a. Respiratory acidosis
b. Respiratory alkalosis
c. Metabolic acidosis
d. Metabolic alkalosis - a. Respiratory acidosis
Status asthmaticus causes inadequate gas exchange, resulting in a low pH and PaO2, an elevated PaCO2,
and an HCO3- within the expected reference range. These laboratory values indicate respiratory acidosis.
A nurse is assessing a client who is using PCA following a thoracotomy. The client is short of breath,
appears restless, and has a respiratory rate of 28/min. The client's ABG results are:
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