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CHA 1 Exam 2 Questions And Answers Rated A+ New Update Assured Satisfaction
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Purpose of the pituitary gland - hormones help regulate other glands in the endocrine system produces ADH and oxytocin Respiratory regulation of alkalosis - decreased H+ in blood triggers brain to decrease rate and depth of breathing-retains CO2 At risk populations for acid-base imbalances - Di...

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  • August 18, 2024
  • 16
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

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CHA 1 Exam 2
Purpose of the pituitary gland - hormones help regulate other glands in the endocrine system

produces ADH and oxytocin



Respiratory regulation of alkalosis - decreased H+ in blood triggers brain to decrease rate and
depth of breathing-retains CO2



At risk populations for acid-base imbalances - Diabetes, COPD, Renal failure, severe
vomiting/diarrhea



Respiratory acidosis lab values - pH < 7.35, CO2 > 45 mmHg



Metabolic acidosis lab values - pH < 7.35, HCO3 < 22 mEq/L



Respiratory alkalosis lab values - pH > 7.45, CO2 < 35 mmHg



Metabolic alkalosis lab values - pH > 7.45, HCO3 > 26 mEq/L



3 methods of acid base regulation in the body - cellular buffer system

respiratory system

renal system



Acidosis effect on potassium - hyperkalemia



Alkalosis effect on potassium - hypokalemia



RBC/Hgb with H+ buffering

,(LOOK UP) - too many H+ in blood->excess H+ cross into RBC and bind to Hgb resulting in less H+
in blood->K+ leaves cell(hyperkalemia)



vice-versa in alkalosis->K+ must enter cell(hypokalemia)



Respiratory regulation of acidosis - increased H+ in blood triggers brain to increase rate and
depth-"blows off" excess CO2, Kussmaul breathing




Renal regulation of acidosis - kidneys reabsorb as well as create more HCO3, while excreting H+



Renal regulation of alkalosis - kidneys excrete HCO3 and reabsorb H+



pH range - 7.35-7.45



PaCO2 range - 35-45



HCO3 range - 22-26



Patients at risk for respiratory acidosis - respiratory depression

anesthesia

opioids

airway obstruction

COPD



Patients at risk for metabolic acidosis - DKA

kidney failure

diarrhea

excessive alcohol or ASA

, Patients at risk for respiratory alkalosis - hyperventilation

panic attack

mechanical ventilation



Patients at risk for metabolic alkalosis - prolonged vomiting

NG suctioning

diuretics

TPN

antacids



First sign of acidosis - confusion/lethargy(d/t CNS depression)



Interventions for respiratory acidosis - maintain airway, breathing status hourly, bronchodilators,
O2 sats



Interventions for metabolic acidosis - treat cause(insulin if DKA), IV hydration, IV bicarb if low



Interventions for alkalosis - treat cause(stop diuretics if caused by that, antiemetics if vomiting)

Patient safety



Purpose of adrenal glands - secrete Aldosterone, cortisol, and catecholamines



Purpose of pancreas - secretion of digestive enzymes and regulates blood sugars



Purpose of parathyroid glands - secrete PTH-regulates calcium and phosphorus



Purpose of thyroid gland - controls metabolism

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