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Psychology Unit 8: Intelligence
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Intelligence - answer-A mental ability consisting of the ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and use knowledge to adapt to new situations. General Intelligence Factor (g) - answer-The construct that the different abilities and skills measured on intelligence tests have in common. ...

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  • August 18, 2024
  • 9
  • 2024/2025
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Psychology Unit 8: Intelligence
Intelligence - answer-A mental ability consisting of the ability to learn from
experience, solve problems, and use knowledge to adapt to new situations.

General Intelligence Factor (g) - answer-The construct that the different
abilities and skills measured on intelligence tests have in common.
--> people who have higher levels of this learn faster

Specific Intelligence (s) - answer-A measure of specific skills in narrow
domains

Fluid Intelligence - answer-The capacity to learn new ways of solving
problems and performing activities.
--> decreases with age

Crystallized Intelligence - answer-The accumulated knowledge of the world
we have acquired throughout our lives.
--> increases with age

7 Clusters of Primary Mental Abilities (L.L. Thurston) - answer-word fluency
verbal comprehension
spatial ability
perceptual speed
numerical ability
inductive reasoning
memory

Older Adult Fluid Intelligence - answer-More difficulty computing math
problems

Younger Adult Fluid Intelligence - answer-Quicker to play a video game

Older Adult Crystallized Intelligence - answer-More knowledgeable about
historical events

Younger Adult Crystallized Intelligence - answer-Slower to solve crosword
puzzles

Specific Factor for Problem Solving Test - answer-Ability to solve problems of
logic and abstract reasoning.

Specific Factor for Reading Test - answer-Ability to understand and use
words and concepts.

, Specific Factor for Math Test - answer-Ability to comprehend and use math
reasoning and calculations.

Specific Factor for Visual Reading Test - answer-Ability to spot similarities
and differences in objects and symbols.

Standardization (of a test) - answer-giving it to a large number of people at
different ages and computing the average score on the test at each level

Flynn Effect - answer-The observation that scores on intelligence tests
worldwide have increased substantially over the past decades.
--> Average increase of 3 points every 10 years

Intelligence Quotient (IQ) - answer-A measure of intelligence that is adjusted
for age.
--> Equal to mental age/chronological age x 100

Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) - answer-most widely used
intelligence test for adults
--> current version scores on 4 domains: verbal, perceptual, working
memory, and processing speed.

Reliability (of a test) - answer---> High when over 0.95
--> when a person is assessed at different times on the test, the person will
score approximately the same every time with more than a 95% accuracy
rate.
--> the degree to which a test keeps producing the same or similar results
over repeated testing.
--> consistency

Validity (of a test) - answer-Correlating highly with other IQ tests
- the degree to which a test or other measure of some psychological
construct actually measures that construct.

Achievement - answer-what one has already learned

Aptitude - answer-an ability to learn

Aptitude Tests - answer-Designed to measure one's ability to do well in
college or in postgraduate training.

Personnel Selection - answer-the use of structured tests to select people who
are likely to perform well at given jobs

Sir Francis Galton - answer-British researcher, considered as the father of
mental tests; interested in the study of intelligence and began the nature-

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