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Cells And Cell Processes Detailed Questions and Expert Answers 2024
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Cells And Cell Processes Detailed Questions and Expert Answers 2024
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Cells And Cell ProcessesCell - ANS (biology) the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms
organelle - ANS One of the small bodies that are found in the cytoplasm of a cell
and that are specialized to perform a specific function
prokaryote - ANS single-celled organism lacking a nucleus
eukaryote - ANS A cell that contains a nucleus and membrane bound organelles
endosymbiosis - ANS Process through which early prokaryotic cells are thought to
have engulfed other, smaller cells and eventually incorporated them as organelles;
these cells evolved into modern-day eukaryotes.
nucleus - ANS The organelle that contains the DNA and controls the processes of
the cell
cytoplasm - ANS material inside the cell membrane—not including the nucleus
rough endoplasmic reticulum - ANS System of internal membranes within the
cytoplasm. Membranes are rough due to the presence of ribosomes. functions in
transport of substances such as proteins within the cytoplasm
, smooth endoplasmic reticulum - ANS A network of membranes inside eukarytoic
cells invovled in lipid synthesis (steroid in gonads), detoxification (in liver cells),
and/or Ca2+ storage (muscle cells).
cell wall - ANS rigid structure that encloses, supports, and protects the cells of
plants, algae, fungi, and most bacteria
vacuole - ANS cell organelle that stores materials such as water, salts, proteins,
and carbohydrates
cell membrane - ANS thin, flexible barrier around a cell; regulates what enters and
leaves the cell
Golgi body - ANS organelles that sort and package cellular materials and transport
them within the cell or out of the cell
ribosome - ANS An organelle that functions in the synthesis of proteins
lysosome - ANS cell organelle filled with enzymes needed to break down certain
materials in the cell
mitochondria - ANS cell organelle that releases energy from stored food molecules
nucleolus - ANS The organelle where ribosomes are made, synthesized and
partially assembled, located in the nucleus
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