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Biology 114 Exam 4 (Answered) 114 Questions and Correct Answers With Verified Solution. Latest Updated Fall 2024/2025. 100% Correct. $12.99   Add to cart

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Biology 114 Exam 4 (Answered) 114 Questions and Correct Answers With Verified Solution. Latest Updated Fall 2024/2025. 100% Correct.

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Biology 114 Exam 4 (Answered) 114 Questions and Correct Answers With Verified Solution. Latest Updated Fall 2024/2025. 100% Correct.

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  • August 19, 2024
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Biology 114 Exam 4 (Answered) 114 Questions and
Correct Answers With Verified Solution. Latest
Updated Fall 2024/2025. 100% Correct.
Virus

is an infectious particle consisting of
genes packaged in a protein coat

Capsid

protein shell that encloses a viral genome, may be rod-shaped, polyhedral, or more complex shape

Viral Envelopes

a membrane, derived from membranes of the host cell, that cloaks the capsid, which in turn encloses a
viral genome

Bacteriophages

a virus that infects bacteria, also called a phage

Host Range

the limited number of species whose cells can be infected by a particular virus

Lytic Cycle

a type of phage replicative cycle resulting in the release of a new phages by lysis and the death of the
host cell

Virulent Phage

a phage that replicates only by lytic cycle.

Lysogenic Cycle

a type of phage replicative cycle in which the viral genome becomes incorporated into the bacterial host
chromosome as a prophage, is replicated along with the chromosome, and does not kill the host cell.

Temperate Phage

a phage that is capable of replicating by either lytic or lysogenic cycle

Prophage

a phage genome that has been inserted into a specific site on a bacterial chromosome

Restirction Enzyme

, An endonuclease (type of enzyme) that recognizes and cuts DNA molecules foreign to a bacterium (such
as a phage genomes), the enzyme cuts a specific nucleotide sequences called restriction sites

Retrovirus

an RNA virus that replicates by transcribing its RNA into DNA and then inserting the DNA into cellular
chromosomes

Reverse Transcriptase

an enzyme encoded by certain viruses that uses RNA as a template for DNA synthesis

Provirus

a viral genome that is permanently inserted into a host genome

Vaccine

a harmless variant of derivative of a pathogen that stimulates a host's immune system to mount
defenses against the pathogen

Epidemic

a widespread outbreak of a disease

Pandemic

a global epidemic

Prion

an infectious agent that is a misfolded version of a normal cellular protein, appear to increase in number
by converting correctly folded versions of the protein to more prions

Viroids

small circular RNA molecules that
infect plants and disrupt their growth

DNA Technology

techniques for sequencing and manipulating DNA

Biotechnology

the manipulation of organisms or their components to produce useful products

Nucleic Acid Hybridization

the base pairing of one strand of a nucleic acid to the complementary sequence on a strand from
another nucleic acid molecule.

Genetic Engineering

the direct manipulation of genes for practical purposes

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