BIOL 114 Lilah Landry Exam 4 (Answered) 184
Questions and Correct Answers With Verified Solutions,
100% Correct. Updated Fall 2024/2025.
3 divisions of the nervous system
-CNS
-PNS
-ENS
CNS
-central nervous system
-brain and spinal cord
PNS
-peripheral nervous system
-all nervous tissue not CNS, ENS
brings motor commands from the CNS to peripheral systems
Effectors
are target organs and tissues that respond
Neuron
3 main structural components:
-dendrites
-cell body (soma)
-axon
,Synapse
Site of communication between a neuron and another cell
Presynaptic cell
usually neuron
Postsynaptic cell
any type of cell
True
-no centrioles = no mitosis
T/F: CNS neurons are seldom replaced
Anaxonic neurons
small, dendrites and axons look alike
-brain, special sense organs
Bipolar neurons
-2 distinct processes
-rare
-special sense organs
Unipolar neurons
-side body to side
-sensory neurons of the PNS
Multipolar neurons
2+ dendrites, 1 axon
-most common in CNS
-motor neurons
Functional classification of neurons
-sensory
-interneurons
-motor
Sensory neurons
sense, bring in sensations
Interneurons
interpret
Motor neurons
, respond, send out commands
Neuroglia (glial cells) CNS
support and protect neurons
-Oligodendrocytes
-Astrocytes
-Microglia
-Ependymal cells
Oligodendrocytes
produces Myelin- speeds nerve impulse
Astrocytes
protects CNS from chemicals and hormones in the blood
Microglia
removes debris, waste, pathogens
Ependymal cells
lines fluid- filled passageways
White matter
myelinated axons
Grey matter
Unmyelinated axons, dendrites, cell bodies
Neuroglia (glial cells) PNS
support and protect neurons
-Satellite cells
-Schwann cells
Satellite cells
-surround cell body
-regulate the environment
Schwann cells
-cover the axon
-assist in axon repair: Wallerian Degeneration
Resting membrane potential
leak channels
~chemical gradient-amount of ions
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