HURST REVIEW NCLEX EXAM(ACTUAL
EXAM) WITH 180+ QUESTIONS AND
CORRECTLY WELL DEFINED ANSWERS
LATEST 2024 ALREADY GRADED A+
HF caused by - ANSWERS-cardiomyopathy, valvular heart
disease, endocartditis, acute MI, and HTN is the LEADING
CAUSE
LHF - ANSWERS-Left=lungs; blood isnt moving forward
therefore backs up into lungs:
How does RF cause FVE? - ANSWERS-the kidneys are not
functioning therefore no urine out put and fluid remains in vasc
space
,Fluid Volume Excess (hypervolemia) - ANSWERS-Too much fluid
in the vascular space caused by: HF, RF, and High Na intake
(meds, food, IVF with Na) and Hormones (aldosterone and
ADH)
How does HF cause FVE (Fluid Volume Excess)? - ANSWERS-bc
the weak heart cant perfuse the the kids therefore decreased
Urine out put.
Aldosterone - ANSWERS-created in adrenal glands on Kidneys,
it is a steroid and mineralocosteroid; retains water and sodium.
therefore increases BP
AHD - ANSWERS-anti diuretic therefore RETAINS water only.
found in pituitary therefore any head trauma, surgery, or
increased ICP can lead to ADH issues.
Dx name for it is Vasopressin or "Pressins"
,Too much ADH - ANSWERS-SIADH, therefore reatains water in
vasc space. Urine is concentrated (increased serum spef) and
blood is diluted (decreased Blood HCT).
Too little ADH - ANSWERS-Diabetes insipidus; diuresis fluid
leads to FVD (shock), Urine will be dilute (urine spef will
decrease) and blood will be conc. (HCT will be increased).
the three labs that concentration (increases) and dilution
(decreases) - ANSWERS-Na, Hct, Urine spef
FVE SS - ANSWERS-incresaed: BP, P, RR, CVP (2-6), DW, JVP
wet lungs, polyuria,
P is bounding and full
3rd spacing
FVE trx - ANSWERS-low Na, fluid restriction
I&O and DW
Diuretics
bed rest
, FVD (hypovolemia) - ANSWERS-not enough fluid in vasc space
which can lead to shock and is casued by fluid loss, 3rd space,
Disease with polyuria.
FVD ss - ANSWERS-wt decreases,
poor skin turg,
dry mm
decreased Urine
decrease BP & CVP,
Tachy and weak/thready,
cool clammy r/t vasocons
increase urine spef.
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