Absorption Rate/ Infiltration Rate - ANSWERThe rate (or speed) at which soil will accept
water.
Actual Head Pressure - ANSWERThe operating pressure measured at the base of a
sprinkler head. It must be equal to or greater than minimum head pressure to function
correctly.
Formula: Static Pressure-Total Pressure Loss
Air Relief Valve - ANSWERSmall device used on some drip irrigation that allows air into
the dripline when the system is not running which eliminates any vacuum that could
result in debris or contaminants being sucking into the line.
Application Rate/Precipitation Rate - ANSWERRate at which water is applied by
sprinkler heads in a certain pattern. Measure in inches per hours, gallons per hours, or
gallons per day.
Formula: 96.3 X Total GPM/ Total Area
Water Audit - ANSWERThe most accurate method to evaluate precipitation rates. You
will collect water using catchment devices.
Arc - ANSWERThe surface area of the landscape to which a sprinkler head will provide
water. Described in degrees or part of a full circle (360 degrees).
Example: a 90 degree arc would be a quarter circle head, a 180 degree arc would be a
half circle head, a 360 degree arc would be a full circle head.
As-Built Plan - ANSWERA corrected or redrawn plan showing the "actual scaled"
location of all major components of the system and other information the property owner
might require. Zone valves are the most important component to locate.
Atmospheric Vacuum Breaker - ANSWERA backflow prevention device that allows air
into the piping system, with the use of a float that moves up and down, to prevent
backsiphonage. This is no longer allowed in Texas.
, Backflow - ANSWERAn unwanted reversal of the flow of water in a piping system which
can potentially allow non-potable water to pollute or contaminate the potable water
supply.
Backpressure - ANSWERAny condition that could create pressure in the discharge side
of the piping system that is greater than that of the supply side of the system. This can
because by gravity (due to elevation) or a pump.
Backsiphonage - ANSWERA form of backflow due to negative or sub-atmospheric
pressure within the water system. Caused by a city main like break, or the fire
department using water nearby for a fire.
Check Valve - ANSWERA valve which permits water to flow in one direction only. These
devices are usually located within the sprinkler head for the purpose of preventing water
in the piping to drain out of the sprinkler heads when the system is off.
Class Pipe - ANSWERPVC pipe is groups according to the working pressure. All sizes
within a class have the same working pressure.
Controller - ANSWERAn automatic timing device, which signals the automatic valves to
open or close according to the prescribed program.
Design Pressure - ANSWERThe sum total of the desired head pressure added to the
total of all pressure losses.
Formula: Minimum Head Pressure + Total Pressure Losses
Distribution Uniformity - ANSWERThe uniformity of the distribution of water over a given
irrigated area. It is calculated using a catchment test. Divide the average reading of the
driest 25% of catch cans by the average reading of all the catchments, and then multiply
by 100. Closer to 100% is better.
Double Check Valve Assembly - ANSWERBackflow prevention assembly, using two
shut-off valves and to check valves assembled and pre-tested at the factory, designed
to physically block or prevent backflow.
Drip Irrigation - ANSWERThe slow application of water to the specific root zone of the
plant material using very low pressure. Expressed in gallons per hour.
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