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AICP / Planning Theories | Questions And Answers Latest {} A+ Graded | 100% Verified
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AICP / Planning Theories | Questions And Answers Latest {} A+ Graded | 100% Verified
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AICP / Planning Theories | Questions And Answers Latest {2024- 2025} A+ Graded | 100%Verified
Rational planning - "Scientific" planning - 1) set goals; 2) determine alternatives; 3) evaluate alternatives;
4) choose alternative; 5) implement alternative; 6) evaluate
"Satisfice" - Term coined by Herbert Simon - refers to principle that human mind has limited ability to
solve problems, so we settle on "good enough" solution
Incremental planning - From Charles Lindblom (1959), argues planners should work incrementally, one
at a time - "muddling through"
Mixed scanning - Amitai Etzioni - views planning decisions as working simultaneously on "big picture"
and "small picture" level, with more comprehensive rational analysis for the former, incrementalism for
the latter
Advocacy planning - Paul Davidoff developed; reflects that there's no "good of the whole" and that
planners must represent special interest groups while developing plans
Equity planning - Offshoot of advocacy planning, by Norman Krumholz from Cleveland; view that
planners should work to redistribution power, resources, and participation towards poor and working
members. Difficult if local leaders are not in sync
Transactive planning - John Friedmann (1973) - planner's role to meet with individuals to discuss issues
and help develop a plan
Radical planning - John Friedmann (1987) - giving power to the people to develop their own plans;
difficult to implement
Communicative planning - Current predominant theory; planning as operating within political realm with
a variety of interests, and the planner's goal is to mediate among stakeholders to develop a consensus
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