BIO 114 LANDRY EXAM 4 Chapters 11,12, and 13 | Questions And Answers
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what is the central nervous system? - Brain and spinal cord.
Function: take in information, interpret it, and coordinate a response.
What is the peripheral nervous system? - ALL nervous tissue. NOT CNS or ENS.
Which division of the PNS brings information to the CNS? - Sensory (Afferent) Division: brings info from
the PNS to the CNS. Uses multiple receptors, in order to send info in.
Name the structural components of a typical neuron. - dendrites( bring in info) cell body and axon
What is a synapse? - site of communication between a neuron and another cell.
What is presnaptic cells? - usually a neuron
what is a postsnyaptic cell? - any type of cell
Why is a CNS neuron not usually replaced after it is injured? - No centrioles, therefore they can't divide
What is an anaxonic neuron? - small, dendrites and axons look a like. Brain, special sense organ.
What is a bipolar neuron? - 2 distinct processes. Rare. Special sense organs
What is a unipolar neuron? - cell body to the side. sensory neurons of the PNS.
What are multipolar neurons? - 2 or more dendrites, 1 axon. Most common in CNS, motor neurons.
, Classify neurons according to their function. - sensory neurons: sense
Motor neurons: respond from the CNS out thru the spinal cord to PNS.
Interneurons: interpret. mostly associated with CNS. IN between sensory and motor neurons.
name the neuroglia of the CNS - oligodendocyte: produces myelin, speeds nerve impulse
Astrocytes: protects CNS from chemicals and hormones in the blood.
Microglia: remove debris, waste, and pathogens
Ependymal Cells: lines fluid filled passageways
Which glial cell protects the CNS from chemicals and hormones circulating in the blood? - Astrocytes
What is white matter of the CNS? - myelinated axons (columns)
What is gray matter of the CNS? - unmyelinated axons (horns), dendrites, and cell bodies
Identify the neuroglia of the peripheral nervous system. - Satellite cells: surround cell body, regulate the
enivorment
In which part of a neuron does Wallerian degeneration occur? - Shwann cells: cover the axon, assist in
axon repair
What is membrane potential? - unequal charge distribution across a membrane
What is a graded potential? - localized change in membrane potential
What is action potential? - propagated change in membrane potential of excitable cell
What is information processing? (11.6 for good graphic) - integration of stimuli by an individual cell
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