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IB ESS Final Exam Questions & Answers 2024/2025
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IB ESS Final Exam Questions & Answers 2024/2025 Ecocentric - ANSWERSpure ecology & nature is central to humanity and emphasizes a less materialist approach to life with greater self-sufficiency of societies Technocentric - ANSWERSbelieves that technological development can provide solutions...

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  • August 20, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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IB ESS Final Exam Questions & Answers
2024/2025

Ecocentric - ANSWERSpure ecology & nature is central to humanity and emphasizes a less materialist
approach to life with greater self-sufficiency of societies



Technocentric - ANSWERSbelieves that technological development can provide solutions to
environmental problems



Anthropocentric - ANSWERSbelieves humans must sustainably manage the global system



Environmental Manager - ANSWERSbelieve governments need to legislate to protect environment and
resources from overexploitation and make sustainable economics - humans have ethical duty to protect
& nurture Earth



Cornucopian - ANSWERSthrough technology & inventiveness, humans can solve any environmental
problem & improve living standards - little government intervention



Biocentric - ANSWERSall life has inherent value - no harm to individual species



Deep Ecologist - ANSWERSput more value on nature than humanity - believe in biorights; no human
intervention in nature



System / Systems Diagram - ANSWERSset of components that function together & form integrated units



Open System - ANSWERSexchanges matter & energy with its surroundings



Closed System - ANSWERSexchanges energy with its surroundings

,Isolated System - ANSWERSexchanges no energy or matter with its surroundings



Transfer - ANSWERSa change in location



Transformation - ANSWERSa change in chemical nature, state, or energy



Matter - ANSWERSgas, liquid, solid



Atoms - ANSWERSmakes up matter



1st Law of Thermodynamics / Principle of Conservation of Energy - ANSWERSenergy is neither created
nor destroyed



2nd Law of Thermodynamics - ANSWERSthe entropy of an isolated system not in equilibrium will
increase over time



Entropy - ANSWERSthe measure of the disorder of a system - refers to spreading out or dispersal of
energy



Enthalpy - ANSWERSequivalent to total heat content of a system



Equilibrium: Steady State, Static, Unstable/stable - ANSWERSthe tendency to return to its original state

-the system is constant with continuous inputs & outputs

-no change over time

-unstable: returns to new equilibrium; stable: returns to same



Efficiency (Energy) - ANSWERSuseful energy, work or output produced by a process divided by the
amount of energy consumed, bring the input to the process

, Negative Feedback - ANSWERSdamp down, neutralize, or counteract any deviation from an equilibrium;
stablizies systems in steady-state



Positive Feedback - ANSWERSfurther increases or decreases in output that enhances the change in the
system



System Resilience - ANSWERShow a system responds to a disturbance

-more resilient: more distrubance dealt with



Tipping Point - ANSWERSreached when ecosystem experiences a shift to a new state in which there are
significant changes to its biodiversity & services it provides



Ecological Overshoot - ANSWERSsurpassing the sustainable level of resources exploitation



Sustainable Development - ANSWERSdevelopment that meets the needs of the present without
compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs



Natural Capita - ANSWERSgoods & services the environment provides humans with in order to provide
natural income



Natural Income - ANSWERSnatural resources that can be sold for profit



Abiotic vs. Biotic - ANSWERSAbiotic: non-living physical factors influencing organisms & the ecosystem

Biotic: living organisms



Species - ANSWERSa group of organisms sharing common characteristics that interbreed & produced
fertile offspring



Population - ANSWERSa group of organisms of same specifies living in the same area at the same time



Community - ANSWERSa group of populations living & influencing with each other in a common habitat

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