Jacquelyn L. Banasik - ISBN: 9780323761550 n n n n n
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,Chapter 01: Introduction to Pathophysiology
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Banasik: Pathophysiology, 7th Edition
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MULTIPLE CHOICE n
1. C.Q. was recently exposed to group A hemolytic Streptococcus and subsequently developed
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apharyngeal infection. His clinic examination reveals an oral temperature of 102.3 F, skin rash,
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dysphagia, and reddened throat mucosa with multiple pustules. He complains of sore throat,
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malaise, and joint stiffness. A throat culture is positive for Streptococcus, and antibiotics have been
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prescribed.
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The etiology of C.Q.’s disease is
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a. a sore throat.
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b. streptococcal infection. n
c. genetic susceptibility. n
d. pharyngitis.
ANS: B n
Etiology refers to the proposed cause or causes of a particular disease process. A sore throat is the
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manifestation of the disease process. Genetic susceptibility refers to inherited tendency to develop
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adisease. Pharyngitis refers to inflammation of the throat and is also a clinical manifestation of the
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disease process.
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2. A 17-year-old college-bound student receives a vaccine against an organism that
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causesmeningitis. This is an example of
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a. primary prevention. n
b. secondary prevention. n
c. tertiary prevention. n
d. disease
ntreatment.ANS: A n n
NURSINGTB.COM
Primary prevention is prevention of disease by altering susceptibility or reducing exposure for
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susceptible individuals by providing vaccination. Secondary prevention is the early detection,
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screening,and management of the disease. Tertiary prevention includes rehabilitative and supportive
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care and
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,attempts to alleviate disability and restore effective functioning. Disease treatment
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involvesmanagement of the disease once it has developed.
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3. An obese but otherwise healthy teen is given a prescription for a low-calorie diet and
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exerciseprogram. This is an example of
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a. primary prevention. n
b. secondary prevention. n
c. tertiary prevention. n
d. disease
treatment.ANS: B
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Secondary prevention is the early detection, screening, and management of the disease such
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asprescribing diet and exercise for an individual who has already developed obesity.
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Primary prevention is prevention of disease by altering susceptibility or reducing exposure for
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susceptible individuals. Tertiary prevention includes rehabilitative and supportive care and attempts
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toalleviate disability and restore effective functioning. Disease treatment involves management of
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the disease once it has developed.
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4. A patient with high blood pressure who is otherwise healthy is counseled to restrict
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sodiumintake. This is an example of
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a. primary prevention. n
b. secondary prevention. n
c. tertiary prevention. n
d. disease
treatment.ANS: B
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Secondary prevention is the early detection, screening, and management of the disease, such as by
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prescribing sodium restriction for high blood pressure. Primary prevention is prevention of disease
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by altering susceptibility or reducing exposure for susceptible individuals. Tertiary prevention
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includes rehabilitative and supportive care and attempts to alleviate disability and restore effective
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functioning.Disease treatment involves management of the disease once it has developed.
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, 5. After suffering a heart attack, a middle-aged man is counseled to take a cholesterol-
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loweringmedication. This is an example of
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a. primary prevention. n
b. secondary prevention. n
c. tertiary prevention. n
d. disease
treatment.ANS: C
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Tertiary prevention includes rehabilitative and supportive care and attempts to alleviate disability
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andrestore effective functioning such as prescribing a cholesterol-lowering
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medication following a heart attack. Primary prevention is prevention of disease by altering
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susceptibility or reducing expUosuSre fNor sTusceptibOle individuals. Secondary prevention is the
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early detection, screening, and management of the disease. Disease treatment involves management
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ofthe disease once it has developed.
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6. A patient has been exposed to meningococcal meningitis, but is not yet demonstrating signs
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ofthis disease. This stage of illness is called the stage.
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a. prodromal
b. latent
c. sequela
d. convalescence n
ANS: B n
Incubation refers to the interval between exposure of a tissue to an injurious agent and the first
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nappearance of signs and symptoms. In infectious diseases, this period is often called the incubation
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n(latent) period. Prodromal refers to the appearance of the first signs and symptoms indicating the
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nonsetof a disease. These are often nonspecific, such as headache, malaise, anorexia, and nausea,
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nwhich are associated with a number of different diseases.
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Sequela refers to subsequent pathologic condition resulting from a disease. Convalescence is the
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stageof recovery after a disease, injury, or surgical operation.
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7. A disease that is native to a particular region is called
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a. epidemic.
b. endemic.
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