AP Psychology: Unit 1 Exam Study Guide with Complete Solutions
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AP Psychology
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AP Psychology
AP Psychology: Unit 1 Exam Study Guide with Complete Solutions
introspection - Correct Answer first began in laboratory set up by Wilhelm Wundt; process of reporting on one's own conscious mental experiences
structuralism - Correct Answer idea proposed by Wundt that the mind operates by combini...
AP Psychology: Unit 1 Exam Study Guide with
Complete Solutions
introspection - Correct Answer first began in laboratory set up by Wilhelm Wundt; process of
reporting on one's own conscious mental experiences
structuralism - Correct Answer idea proposed by Wundt that the mind operates by combining
subjective emotions and objective sensations; aimed to uncover the basic structures that make up
mind and thought
functionalism - Correct Answer theory presented by William James; emphasizes adaptiveness of the
mental or behavioral processes
Wilhelm Wundt - Correct Answer set up first psychological laboratory in Leipzig, Germany in 1879;
known for training subjects in introspection and for his theory of structuralism
Margaret Floy Washburn - Correct Answer first woman to earn a Ph.D. in psychology
William James - Correct Answer published The Principles of Psychology, the science's first textbook;
responsible for theory of functionalism
Mary Whiton Calkins - Correct Answer studied with William James and went on to become president
of the American Psychological Association
G. Stanley Hall - Correct Answer student of William James who pioneered he study of child
development and was the first president of the APA
Gestalt psychology - Correct Answer theory that states that the whole experience is often more than
just the sum of the parts, because the way we experience the world is more than just an
accumulation of various perceptual experiences; relatively little influence on current psychology
Max Wertheimer - Correct Answer Gestalt psychologist who argued against dividing human thought
and behavior into discrete structures
psychoanalysis - Correct Answer theory that states a part of our mind over which we do not have
conscious control determines, in part, how we think and behave
, Sigmund Freud - Correct Answer revolutionized psychology with his psychoanalytic theory; believed
the unconscious mind must be examined through dream analysis, word association, and other
psychoanalytic therapy techniques; criticized for being unscientific and creating unverifiable theories
behaviorism - Correct Answer theory that states psychologists should look at only behavior and
causes of behavior, and not concern themselves with describing elements of consciousness;
dominant school of thought in psychology from the 1920s through the 1960s
John Watson - Correct Answer psychologist who believed the science must limit itself to observable
phenomena; wanted to establish behaviorism as the dominant paradigm of psychology
B. F. Skinner - Correct Answer behaviorist who expanded the basic ideas of behaviorism to include
the idea of reinforcement- environmental stimuli that either encourage or discourage certain
responses
humanism - Correct Answer modern psychological viewpoint that stresses individual choice and free
will; suggests that we choose most of our behaviors and these choices are guided by physiological,
emotional or spiritual needs; not easily tested by the scientific method; includes theorists Abraham
Maslow and Carl Rogers
biopsychology - Correct Answer modern psychological perspective that explains human thought and
behavior strictly in terms of biological processes (e.g. genes, hormones, and neurotransmitters)
evolutionary perspective - Correct Answer also known as Darwinian; modern psychological
perspective that examines human thoughts and actions in terms of natural selection; similar to
biopsychology
behavioral perspective - Correct Answer modern psychological perspective that explains human
thought and behavior in terms of conditioning; looks strictly at observable behaviors and what
reaction organisms get in response to specific behaviors
cognitive perspective - Correct Answer modern psychological perspective that examines human
thought and behavior in terms of how we interpret, process, and remember environmental events
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