NUR 242 MED SURG EXAM 3 LATEST ACTUAL
EXAM 180 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES|ALREADY
GRADED A+||GALEN COLLEGE OF NURSING
Hypocalcemia s/s - ANSWER - serum level below 9
- painful muscle spasms in calf/foot during rest or sleep
- positive Chvostek's and Trousseau's signs
- parethesias, tingling, numbness
- WEAK THREADY HEART RATE that may be slower or faster than normal
Hypocalcemia causes - ANSWER - inadequate oral intake of calcium and Vitamin D
- kidney failure
- malabsorption syndrome (Chrohn's disease)
- lactose intolerance
- ESKD
Hypocalcemia treatment - ANSWER - oral or IV calcium supplements
- seizure precautions
- Vitamin D to help with the absorption of calcium from the GI tract
Hypercalcemia s/s - ANSWER - serum level higher than 10.5
- severe muscle weakness and decreased deep tendon reflexes
- confusion
- lethargy
- INCREASED HR & BP
- severe prolonged - electrical conduction depression
- cyanosis, pallor
- blood clots
Hypercalcemia causes - ANSWER - excessive oral intake of calcium and Vitamin D
- kidney failure
- use of thiazide diuretics
Hypercalcemia treatment - ANSWER - D/C thiazide diuretics and replace with
diuretics that enhance excretion of calcium (lasix/furosemide)
- administer IV fluids (0.9% NS)
- sodium increases kidney excretion of calcium
Hypokalemia treatment - ANSWER - increase serum potassium levels - oral of IV
potassium
- NEVER GIVE VIA IV PUSH
- hold diuretics
- fall prevention
- use potassium-sparing diuretics if NEEDED
Hyperkalemia s/s - ANSWER - serum level greater than 5.0
- SLOW, WEAK, IRREGULAR HEART RATE
- decreased BP
- profound skeletal muscle weakness
- CARDIAC DYSRHYTHMIA - TALL PEAKED T WAVES AND WIDE QRS
COMPLEXES
Hyperkalemia causes - ANSWER - potassium-sparing diuretics
- salt substitutes
ACE inhibitors
- kidney failure
-rapid infusion of potassium containing IV solutions
Hypovolemia (dehydration) s/s - ANSWER - INCREASED AND THREADY PULSE
RATE
- dyspnea
- orthostatic hypotension
- flat neck veins and hand veins
- tenting of the skin
- diminished peripheral pulses
- decreased urine output
Hypovolemia causes - ANSWER - occurs when fluid intake is not sufficient to meet
the fluid needs of the body
- hemorrhage
- vomiting/diarrhea
- severe wounds
- diuretic therapy
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller leonardmuriithi061. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $17.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
