Med surg 2 Final Exam practice questions and answers
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Course
Med surg 1
Institution
Med Surg 1
Med surg 2 Final Exam practice questions and answers
Med surg 2 Final Exam practice questions and answers
Med surg 2 Final Exam practice questions and answers
Med surg 2 Final Exam practice
questions and answers
The client is scheduled for intravenous urography. During the assessment, the nurse notes a
previous reaction of urticaria, itching, and sneezing to contrast dye. Which precautions does the
nurse take? Select all that apply. - verified answer - Ensures that an antihistamine and a steroid are
prescribed
- Documents the reaction on the chart
- Ensures that the health care provider is aware of the reaction
Suppression of immune and allergic responses should be undertaken. Allergies and suspected
allergies must be documented in the medical record. The nurse must notify the provider of the
previous response and obtain requests for antihistamine and corticosteroid. Contrast will give a
more clear picture; if the provider believes it is necessary, suppression of the immune response is an
acceptable intervention. The scope of practice for professional nursing does not include prescribing
or canceling procedures.
When caring for the client with uremia, the nurse assesses for which of these symptoms? - verified
answer Nausea and vomiting
Manifestations of uremia include anorexia, nausea, vomiting, weakness, and fatigue.
When performing bladder scanning to detect residual urine in a female client, the nurse must first
assess which of these? - verified answer History of hysterectomy
The scanner must be in the scan mode for male clients to ensure the scanner subtracts the volume
of the uterus from the measurement.
When reviewing the medical record for a client with polycystic kidney disease who is scheduled for
computed tomography (CT) angiography with contrast, it is essential for the nurse to perform which
intervention? - verified answer Hold the metformin 24 hours before and on the day of the
procedure.
Before studies with contrast media are performed, the nurse must withhold metformin, which may
cause lactic acidosis.
,The client has returned form a captopril renal scan. Which teaching should the nurse provide when
the client returns? - verified answer "Arise slowly and call for assistance when ambulating."
The drug can cause severe hypotension during and after the procedure. Warn him or her to avoid
rapid position changes and of the risk for falling as a result of orthostatic (positional) hypotension
Which instruction does the nurse give the client who needs a clean catch urine specimen? - verified
answer Do not touch the inside of the container.
A clean catch specimen is used to obtain urine for culture and sensitivity of organisms present;
contamination by the client's hands will alter the specimen and results.
When preparing the client who is undergoing urography with contrast, the nurse plans to administer
which medication before the procedure?
c/o: flank pain, dysuria, bilat knee pain
BUN/Cr: 54/2.4 - verified answer Acetylcysteine
Acetylcysteine (an antioxidant) may be used to prevent contrast-induced nephrotoxic effects; this
client has kidney impairment demonstrated by increased creatinine.
The nurse has the following assignment. Which client should be encouraged to consume 2 to 3 liters
of fluid each day? - verified answer Client with hyperparathyroidism
A major feature of hyperparathyroidism is hypercalcemia, which predisposes to kidney stones; this
client should remain hydrated.
The nurse is teaching the client how to provide a "clean catch" urine specimen. Which statement by
the client indicates that teaching was effective? - verified answer "I'll start to urinate in the toilet,
stop, and then urinate into the cup."
To provide a clean catch urine sample, the client should initiate voiding, then stop, then resume
voiding into the container. A midstream collection further removes secretions and bacteria because
urine flushes the distal portion of the internal urethra.
Which urinary assessment information indicates the potential need for increased fluids in the client?
, A. Increased blood urea nitrogen
B. Increased creatinine
C. Pale-colored urine
D. Decreased sodium - verified answer A. Increased blood urea nitrogen (BUN) can indicate
dehydration.
The charge nurse is making client assignments for the day shift. Which client would be best to assign
to an LPN/LVN?
A. A client who has just returned from having a kidney artery angioplasty
B. A client with polycystic kidney disease who is having a kidney ultrasound
C. A client who is going for a cystoscopy and cystourethroscopy
D. A client with glomerulonephritis who is having a kidney biopsy - verified answer B. Kidney
ultrasounds are noninvasive procedures without complications; the LPN/LVN can provide this care.
A nurse is teaching a client about pelvic muscle exercises. What information does the nurse include?
A. "For the best effect, perform all your exercises while you are seated on the toilet."
B. "Limit your exercises to 5 minutes twice a day, or you will injure yourself."
C. "Results should be visible to you within 72 hours."
D. "You know that you are exercising correct muscles if you can stop urine flow in midstream." -
verified answer D. When the client can start and stop the urine stream, the pelvic muscles are being
used.
Which type of incontinence benefits from pelvic floor muscle (Kegel) exercise?
A. Functional
B. Overflow
C. Stress
D. Urge - verified answer C. Pelvic floor (Kegel) exercise therapy for women with stress incontinence
strengthens the muscles of the pelvic floor, thereby helping decrease the occurrence of incontinence
A newly admitted client who is diabetic and has pyelonephritis and prescriptions for intravenous
antibiotics, blood glucose monitoring every 2 hours, and insulin administration should be cared for
by which staff member?
A. An RN whose other assignments include a client receiving chemotherapy for renal cell carcinoma
B. An RN who is caring for a client who just returned after having renal artery balloon angioplasty
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