Class notes

Data structure

0 purchase

Course
Be3251 (BEE)

Institution
Anna Maria College

Digital Storage Oscilloscopes (DSO) are a crucial tool in electronics for analyzing signals. They consist of several key components, starting with the Input Amplifiers and Attenuators that prepare the signal for processing. Analog-to-Digital Conversion (ADC) is a critical step in DSO operation. ...

[Show more]

Preview 4 out of 213 pages

View example

Uploaded on August 20, 2024
Number of pages 213
Written in 2024/2025
Type Class notes
Professor(s) Durai kumar
Contains All classes

codeing

$46.65

Add to cart

Add to wishlist

100% satisfaction guarantee
Immediately available after payment
Both online and in PDF
No strings attached

EnggTree.com

CS3351-DIGITAL PRINCIPLES AND COMPUTER
ORGANIZATION

UNITICOMBINATIONALCIRCUITS:

-Combinational Circuits
– Karnaugh Map - Analysis and Design Procedures
– Binary Adder – Subtractor
– Decimal Adder
- Magnitude Comparator
– Decoder
– Encoder
– Multiplexers
- Demultiplexers

Downloaded from EnggTree.com

, EnggTree.com

INTRODUCTION:
Thedigitalsystemconsistsoftwotypesofcircuits,namely
(i) Combinationalcircuits
(ii) Sequentialcircuits

Combinationalcircuitconsistsoflogicgateswhoseoutputatanytimeisdeter
mined from the present combination of inputs. The logic gate is the most
basicbuildingblockofcombinationallogic.Thelogicalfunctionperformedbyacomb
inationalcircuitisfullydefinedbyasetofBooleanexpressions.

Sequential logic circuit comprises both logic gates and the state of
storageelementssuchasflip-
flops.Asaconsequence,theoutputofasequentialcircuitdependsnotonlyonpresentv
alueofinputs butalsoonthepaststateofinputs.
Inthepreviouschapter,wehavediscussedbinarynumbers,codes,Booleanalge
braandsimplificationofBooleanfunctionandlogicgates.Inthischapter,formulation
andanalysisofvarioussystematicdesignsofcombinationalcircuitswillbediscussed.

Acombinationalcircuitconsistsofinputvariables,logicgates,andoutputvaria
bles. The logic gates accept signals from inputs and output signals are
generatedaccording to the logic circuits employed in it. Binary information
from the given datatransforms to desired output data in this process. Both input
and output are obviouslythe binary signals, i.e., both the input and output
signals are of two possible states, logic1andlogic0.

Blockdiagramofacombinationallogiccircuit

Downloaded from EnggTree.com

, EnggTree.com

Fornnumberofinputvariablestoacombinationalcircuit,2npossiblecombinat
ionsofbinaryinputstatesarepossible.Foreachpossiblecombination,thereisone and
only one possible output combination. A combinational logic circuit can
bedescribed by m Boolean functions and each output can be expressed in terms
of n inputvariables.

Downloaded from EnggTree.com

, EnggTree.com

DESIGNPROCEDURE:
Anycombinationalcircuitcanbedesignedbythefollowingstepsofdesignprocedure.
1. Theproblemisstated.
2. Identifytheinputandoutputvariables.
3. Theinputandoutputvariablesareassignedlettersymbols.
4. Constructionofatruthtabletomeetinput-outputrequirements.
5. WritingBooleanexpressionsforvariousoutputvariablesintermsofinp
utvariables.
6. ThesimplifiedBooleanexpressionisobtainedbyanymethodofminimization
—algebraic method,Karnaughmapmethod,ortabulationmethod.
7. Alogicdiagramisrealizedfromthesimplifiedbooleanexpressionusinglog
icgates.

Thefollowingguidelinesshouldbefollowedwhilechoosingthepreferredformforhard
wareimplementation:
1. Theimplementationshouldhavetheminimumnumberofgates,withthegate
susedhavingtheminimumnumberofinputs.
2. Thereshouldbeaminimumnumberofinterconnections.
3. Limitationonthedrivingcapabilityofthegatesshouldnotbeignored.

ARITHMETICCIRCUITS–BASICBUILDINGBLOCKS:

Inthissection,wewilldiscussthosecombinationallogicbuildingblocksthatca
nbe used to perform addition and subtraction operations on binary numbers.
Additionand subtraction are the two most commonly used arithmetic
operations, as the othertwo, namely multiplication and division, are
respectively the processes of repeatedadditionandrepeated subtraction.
Thebasicbuildingblocksthatformthebasisofallhardwareusedtoperformthea
rithmeticoperationsonbinarynumbersarehalf-adder,fulladder,half-
subtractor,full-subtractor.

Half-Adder:
A half-adder is a combinational circuit that can be used to add two
binary bits. Ithas two inputs that represent the two bits to be added and two
outputs, with oneproducingtheSUMoutputandtheotherproducingtheCARRY.

Downloaded from EnggTree.com

The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.

Quick and easy check-out

You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.

Focus on what matters

Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!

Frequently asked questions

What do I get when I buy this document?

You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.

Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?

Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.

Who am I buying these notes from?

Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller madhanthirumal. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.

Will I be stuck with a subscription?

No, you only buy these notes for $46.65. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.

Can Stuvia be trusted?

4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)

68175 documents were sold in the last 30 days

Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 15 years now

Start selling