NSG 550 Diagnostics Study Guide Quiz 1 LATEST
EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
precision of a test - ANSWER Ability of the test to yield the same results on multiple
trials using the same sample (repeatability)
accuracy of a test - ANSWER does the test measure what is is designed to measure
Sensitivity - ANSWER determine who has the disease
highly sensitivity gives low false NEG
Specificity - ANSWER determine who does NOT have the disease
highly specific gives low false POS
Choosing Wisely Campaign - ANSWER Developed by the American Board of
Internal Medicine to aims to promote conversations between physicians and patients
by helping patients choose care that is:
Supported by evidence
Not duplicative of other tests or procedures already received
Free from harm
Truly necessary
ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone) - ANSWER Stimulates adrenal cortex to
release glucocorticoids (cortisol)
response to stress
fights infection
regulates blood sugar and blood pressure and metabolism
who makes acth - ANSWER pituitary gland
what to draw when looking for endocrine disease process - ANSWER acth
cortisol
cushings syndrome vs disease - ANSWER disease too much acth and cortisol
syndrome too much cortisol
Addison's disease - ANSWER a condition that occurs when the adrenal glands do
not produce enough cortisol or aldosterone
cortisol - ANSWER stress hormone released by the adrenal cortex
High ACTH levels and high cortisol - ANSWER Cushing Disease or Ectopic ACTH
production
high acth and low cortisol - ANSWER Addison's disease
Low ACTH, high cortisol - ANSWER Cushing syndrome
, Low ACTH, low cortisol - ANSWER hypopituitarism
ACTH stim test - ANSWER 250 mcg Cosyntropin; measure cortisol before & 30 & 60
min after injxn; pre or post >18: R/O adrenal insuff
Aldosterone - ANSWER "salt-retaining hormone" which promotes the retention of
Na+ by the kidneys. na+ retention promotes water retention, which promotes a
higher blood volume and pressure
antidiuretic hormone (ADH) - ANSWER influences the absorption of water by kidney
tubules
cause of low osmolality - ANSWER low adh
DI
Antithyroidglobulin antibody - ANSWER level of antibodies
protein found in thyroid cells
less than 116IU
Anion Gap - ANSWER Difference between the concentrations of serum cations and
anions: determined by measuring the concentrations of sodium cations and chloride
and bicarbonate anions.
low anion gap - ANSWER hypoalbuminemia
high anion gap - ANSWER diabetic ketosis, due to increased amount of ketones
acquired from diet
diarrhea
poision
dehydration
calcitonin - ANSWER decreases blood calcium levels
MADE BY THYROID
tumor marker
elevated in thyroid cancers
low serum co2 and high anion gap - ANSWER could mean DKA, needs further
investigated
what opposes parathyroid hormone - ANSWER calcitonin
C-peptide levels - ANSWER marker to determine the amount of insulin a pt is
making
released with insulin
low c-peptide levels indicate - ANSWER not enough insulin type 1
Diabetes Autoantibody Panel - ANSWER type 1 diabetes
EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
precision of a test - ANSWER Ability of the test to yield the same results on multiple
trials using the same sample (repeatability)
accuracy of a test - ANSWER does the test measure what is is designed to measure
Sensitivity - ANSWER determine who has the disease
highly sensitivity gives low false NEG
Specificity - ANSWER determine who does NOT have the disease
highly specific gives low false POS
Choosing Wisely Campaign - ANSWER Developed by the American Board of
Internal Medicine to aims to promote conversations between physicians and patients
by helping patients choose care that is:
Supported by evidence
Not duplicative of other tests or procedures already received
Free from harm
Truly necessary
ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone) - ANSWER Stimulates adrenal cortex to
release glucocorticoids (cortisol)
response to stress
fights infection
regulates blood sugar and blood pressure and metabolism
who makes acth - ANSWER pituitary gland
what to draw when looking for endocrine disease process - ANSWER acth
cortisol
cushings syndrome vs disease - ANSWER disease too much acth and cortisol
syndrome too much cortisol
Addison's disease - ANSWER a condition that occurs when the adrenal glands do
not produce enough cortisol or aldosterone
cortisol - ANSWER stress hormone released by the adrenal cortex
High ACTH levels and high cortisol - ANSWER Cushing Disease or Ectopic ACTH
production
high acth and low cortisol - ANSWER Addison's disease
Low ACTH, high cortisol - ANSWER Cushing syndrome
, Low ACTH, low cortisol - ANSWER hypopituitarism
ACTH stim test - ANSWER 250 mcg Cosyntropin; measure cortisol before & 30 & 60
min after injxn; pre or post >18: R/O adrenal insuff
Aldosterone - ANSWER "salt-retaining hormone" which promotes the retention of
Na+ by the kidneys. na+ retention promotes water retention, which promotes a
higher blood volume and pressure
antidiuretic hormone (ADH) - ANSWER influences the absorption of water by kidney
tubules
cause of low osmolality - ANSWER low adh
DI
Antithyroidglobulin antibody - ANSWER level of antibodies
protein found in thyroid cells
less than 116IU
Anion Gap - ANSWER Difference between the concentrations of serum cations and
anions: determined by measuring the concentrations of sodium cations and chloride
and bicarbonate anions.
low anion gap - ANSWER hypoalbuminemia
high anion gap - ANSWER diabetic ketosis, due to increased amount of ketones
acquired from diet
diarrhea
poision
dehydration
calcitonin - ANSWER decreases blood calcium levels
MADE BY THYROID
tumor marker
elevated in thyroid cancers
low serum co2 and high anion gap - ANSWER could mean DKA, needs further
investigated
what opposes parathyroid hormone - ANSWER calcitonin
C-peptide levels - ANSWER marker to determine the amount of insulin a pt is
making
released with insulin
low c-peptide levels indicate - ANSWER not enough insulin type 1
Diabetes Autoantibody Panel - ANSWER type 1 diabetes
