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Introduction to Philosophy: Straighterline Final Exam | Latest Update | 2024/2025 | Graded A+ What is the primary focus of metaphysics in philosophy? Metaphysics primarily focuses on the nature of reality, including concepts such as existence, the nature of objects and their properties,...

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  • August 21, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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Introduction to Philosophy:
Straighterline Final Exam | Latest Update
| 2024/2025 | Graded A+
What is the primary focus of metaphysics in philosophy?


✔✔ Metaphysics primarily focuses on the nature of reality, including concepts such as existence,

the nature of objects and their properties, and the relationship between mind and matter.




How does epistemology differ from metaphysics in the study of philosophy?


✔✔ Epistemology is concerned with the nature and scope of knowledge, including the processes

of acquiring knowledge and the justification of beliefs, while metaphysics deals with the

fundamental nature of reality.




What is the significance of the concept of "free will" in ethical philosophy?


✔✔ The concept of free will is significant in ethical philosophy because it relates to the ability of

individuals to make choices and be held morally responsible for their actions.




How does the theory of utilitarianism approach ethical decision-making?




1

,✔✔ Utilitarianism approaches ethical decision-making by evaluating actions based on their

consequences, aiming to maximize overall happiness or minimize suffering for the greatest

number of people.




What does the term "existentialism" refer to in philosophical thought?


✔✔ Existentialism refers to a philosophical movement that emphasizes individual freedom,

choice, and responsibility, and explores the meaning and absurdity of human existence.




What is the difference between empiricism and rationalism in the context of philosophical

theory?


✔✔ Empiricism asserts that knowledge comes primarily from sensory experience, while

rationalism emphasizes reason and intellectual deduction as the primary sources of knowledge.




What role does logic play in philosophical reasoning?


✔✔ Logic plays a crucial role in philosophical reasoning by providing a systematic framework

for evaluating arguments, ensuring that conclusions follow logically from premises.




How does the concept of "social contract" influence political philosophy?




2

, ✔✔ The concept of the social contract influences political philosophy by proposing that

individuals consent to form a society and establish government in exchange for security and

order, defining the rights and duties of citizens.




What is the philosophical concept of "nihilism," and how does it impact views on meaning and

value?


✔✔ Nihilism is the philosophical belief that life lacks inherent meaning, value, or purpose,

leading to the view that traditional beliefs and values are unfounded.




What does "philosophical skepticism" challenge in terms of knowledge and belief?


✔✔ Philosophical skepticism challenges the possibility of certain knowledge or absolute

certainty, questioning the validity of claims and the reliability of our beliefs about the world.




What is the central question of ethics as a branch of philosophy?


✔✔ The central question of ethics is how to determine what is morally right or wrong and what

constitutes a good life for individuals and societies.




How does existentialism address the concept of "authenticity"?




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