General Chemistry 1- Polyatomic Ions | Latest Update | 2024/2025 | 100% Correct

General Chemistry 1- Polyatomic Ions | Latest Update | 2024/2025 | 100% Correct What are polyatomic ions, and how do they differ from monatomic ions? Polyatomic ions are ions composed of two or more atoms covalently bonded together, carrying a net charge. They differ from monatomic ions, which consist of only a single atom with a charge. What is the charge and composition of the sulfate ion? The sulfate ion has a charge of -2 and is composed of one sulfur atom covalently bonded to four oxygen atoms. How do you determine the molecular structure of a polyatomic ion such as nitrate (NO3−)? The molecular structure of a polyatomic ion like nitrate can be determined using Lewis structures, which show the arrangement of atoms and bonding, including resonance structures for delocalized electrons. What is the significance of resonance structures in polyatomic ions like carbonate (CO32−)? 2 Resonance structures in polyatomic ions like carbonate represent different ways the electrons can be distributed within the ion, indicating that the actual structure is an average of these resonance forms. How do you name polyatomic ions using IUPAC nomenclature? Polyatomic ions are named based on their composition and charge. For example, the sulfate ion is named based on the sulfur and oxygen content with the suffix "-ate" indicating the ion's charge and size. What is the charge and composition of the ammonium ion, and how does it differ from the ammonia molecule? The ammonium ion has a charge of +1 and consists of one nitrogen atom and four hydrogen atoms. It differs from the ammonia molecule, which is neutral with no net charge. How can you predict the charge of a polyatomic ion based on its chemical composition? The charge of a polyatomic ion can be predicted by considering the overall balance of electrons and protons in the ion, taking into account the common oxidation states of the constituent atoms. 3 What role do polyatomic ions play in acid-base chemistry, and how does their charge affect their behavior? Polyatomic ions play a role in acid-base chemistry as either acids or bases, depending on their ability to donate or accept protons. Their charge affects their reactivity and interaction with other substances. How do you balance chemical equations that include polyatomic ions? To balance chemical equations with polyatomic ions, treat the entire polyatomic ion as a single unit when balancing, ensuring that the number of each type of ion is the same on both sides of the equation.