MCAT General Chemistry (Princeton Review) Questions and Answers | Latest Update | 2024/2025 | Already Passed
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MCAT General Chemistry
Institution
MCAT General Chemistry
MCAT General Chemistry (Princeton
Review) Questions and Answers | Latest
Update | 2024/2025 | Already Passed
What is the role of a Lewis acid and a Lewis base in a chemical reaction?
A Lewis acid is an electron pair acceptor, while a Lewis base is an electron pair donor. They
interact to ...
MCAT General Chemistry (Princeton
Review) Questions and Answers | Latest
Update | 2024/2025 | Already Passed
What is the role of a Lewis acid and a Lewis base in a chemical reaction?
✔✔ A Lewis acid is an electron pair acceptor, while a Lewis base is an electron pair donor. They
interact to form a coordinate covalent bond where the base donates an electron pair to the acid.
How does the concept of bond enthalpy relate to the strength of a chemical bond?
✔✔ Bond enthalpy (or bond dissociation energy) measures the energy required to break a bond
in a molecule. Higher bond enthalpy indicates a stronger bond.
What is the principle of Raoult's Law, and how is it applied to determine the vapor pressure of a
solution?
✔✔ Raoult's Law states that the vapor pressure of a solvent in a solution is proportional to its
mole fraction. It can be used to calculate the lowering of vapor pressure when a non-volatile
solute is added to the solvent.
How does the presence of a common ion affect the solubility of a salt in a solution?
1
,✔✔ The presence of a common ion reduces the solubility of a salt due to the common ion effect,
which shifts the equilibrium position of the dissolution reaction according to Le Chatelier’s
principle.
How does the concept of collision theory explain the effect of concentration on the rate of a
chemical reaction?
✔✔ Collision theory explains that increasing the concentration of reactants increases the
frequency of collisions between particles, which can lead to a higher reaction rate if the
collisions have sufficient energy to overcome the activation barrier.
What is the significance of the standard reduction potential in electrochemical cells?
✔✔ The standard reduction potential measures the tendency of a species to gain electrons and be
reduced. It is used to predict the direction of electron flow and the cell potential in
electrochemical cells.
How does entropy change with the formation of a solution, and what does this imply about the
spontaneity of the dissolution process?
✔✔ Entropy generally increases when a solute dissolves in a solvent, as the system becomes
more disordered. An increase in entropy often drives the spontaneity of the dissolution process,
according to the Gibbs free energy equation.
2
,What is the principle of energy conservation in chemical reactions, and how is it applied to
exothermic and endothermic reactions?
✔✔ The principle of energy conservation states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only
transferred. In exothermic reactions, energy is released to the surroundings, while in endothermic
reactions, energy is absorbed from the surroundings.
How can the concept of equilibrium constant be used to predict the direction of a reaction?
✔✔ The equilibrium constant indicates the ratio of concentrations of products to reactants at
equilibrium. A large equilibrium constant suggests that products are favored, while a small
constant suggests that reactants are favored, helping to predict the direction of the reaction.
Atomic Number (Z) ✔✔# of Protons
Mass Number (A) ✔✔# of protons + # of neutrons
Charge (c) ✔✔Number of protons - # of electrons
Does energy increase or decrease with distance from the nucleus? ✔✔Increase
3
, Does distance increase or decrease with distance from the nucleus? ✔✔Decrease
Quantum number n ✔✔Describes the radial distance of an electron's orbit from the nucleus
Absorption (Absorbing a photon) ✔✔-Positive change in energy
-Endothermic
-Jump to a higher energy level
Emission (Emitting a photon) ✔✔-Negative change in energy
-Exothermic
-Drop to a lower energy level
Energy of Photon Equation ✔✔Ephoton = Ef - Ei
Energy of Photon in Relation to Wavelength and Frequency Equation ✔✔E = hf = hc/λ
-h is a constant
-c is the speed of light
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