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ADVANCED PHARMACOLOGY TESTBANK ACTUAL EXAM WITH COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS | 100% GUARANTEED TO PASS CONCEPT /ALREADY GRADED A+
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ADVANCED PHARMACOLOGY TESTBANK ACTUAL EXAM WITH COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS | 100% GUARANTEED TO PASS CONCEPT /ALREADY GRADED A+

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  • August 21, 2024
  • 80
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

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  • advanced pharmacology
  • advanced pharmacology testbank actual exam with co
  • advanced pharmacology testbank

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ADVANCED PHARMACOLOGY TESTBANK
ACTUAL EXAM WITH COMPLETE
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT VERIFIED
ANSWERS | 100% GUARANTEED TO PASS
CONCEPT /ALREADY GRADED A+




Summarize the main drug actions - ANSWER-1 - stimulating action through direct receptor agonism and

downstream effects


2 - depressing action through direct receptor agonism and downstream effects (ex.: inverse agonist)


3- blocking/antagonizing action (as with silent antagonists), the drug binds the receptor but does not

activate it


4- stabilizing action, the drug seems to act neither as a stimulant or as a depressant


5- exchanging/replacing substances or accumulating them to form a reserve (ex.: glycogen storage)




Desired activity is achieved through what main mechanisms? - ANSWER--Cellular membrane disruption


-Chemical reaction with downstream effects


-Interaction with enzyme proteins


-Interaction with structural proteins

,-Interaction with carrier proteins


-Interaction with ion channels


-Ligand binding to receptors: 1)Hormone receptors 2) Neuromodulator receptors 3)Neurotransmitter

receptors




Explain Pharmacokinetics - ANSWER-The study of how drugs are moved through the body and are

encompassed in mechanisms of:


Absorption


Distribution


Metabolism


Excretion




Think Kinetic (movement)




Pharmacodynamics - ANSWER-study of the biochemical and physiologic effects of drugs on the body




Think Dynamic (change)




majority of drugs either


(a) mimic or inhibit normal physiological/biochemical processes or inhibit pathological processes in

animals or


(b) inhibit vital processes of endo- or ectoparasites and microbial organisms

,Explain the therapeutic window - ANSWER-therapeutic window is the amount of a medication between

the amount that gives an effect (effective dose) and the amount that gives more adverse effects than

desired effects




Duration of action - ANSWER-duration of action of a drug is the length of time that particular drug is

effective




Explain bioavailability - ANSWER-drug's bioavailability can be defined as the proportion of the drug that

reaches its site of action




6 rights to medication administration - ANSWER-RIGHT CLIENT


RIGHT MEDICATION


RIGHT DOSAGE


RIGHT ROUTE


RIGHT TIME

RIGHT DOCUMENTATION




Potency - ANSWER-potency is a measure of drug activity expressed in terms of the amount required to

produce an effect of given intensity


(more morphine is needed to give the same effects as fentanyl)

, Efficacy - ANSWER-Efficacy is the relationship between receptor occupancy and the ability to initiate a

response at the molecular, cellular, tissue or system level. In other words, efficacy refers to how well an

action is took after the drug is bound to a receptor




Affinity - ANSWER-Affinity is how well a drug can bind to a receptor (Fast/strong binding = higher affinity)




Benzodiazepine MOA - ANSWER-Act on GABA which is a major inhibitory NTM in the CNS; Effects are

produced by interacting with a protein complex with in the neuronal membrane GABA which has a high

'affinity' for benzo's specifically;




Inhibition of polysynaptic afferent pathways resulting in skeletal muscle relaxation; It decreases the

spread of seizure activity due to an increased pre-synaptic inhibition of the CNS




Benzodiazepine uses/indications - ANSWER-Similar actions however different

doses/concentrations/combinations produce different actions thus have different uses




Anxiety/panic disorders

skeletal muscle relaxation


seizures


sedation for procedures (due to relaxation and amnesic properties)




Benzodiazepines adverse effects - ANSWER-Most derived through CNS actions; Ataxia, dizziness,

drowsiness/sedation, blurred vision, hypnosis, weakness, fatigue


More severe: hypersensitivity, mental depression, hypotension, paradoxical stimulation, rebound seizures

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