Advanced Pathophysiology Midterm NURS 6501 Walden University W... file:///C:/Users/HP/Desktop/NIW/Advanced%20Pathophysiology%20
NURS 6501 Advanced Pathophysiology Midterm
Exam Week 1-6 With 100% Correct Answers
Walden University
1. A runner has depleted all the oxygen available for muscle energy. Which of the
following will facilitate his continued muscle performance?
: Answer: Anaerobic glycolysis
2. What causes the rapid change in the resting membrane potential that initi- ates an
action potential?
: Answer: Sodium gates open, and sodium rushes into the cell, changing the membrane
potential from negative to positive.
3. A 12-year-old male is diagnosed with Klinefelter syndrome. His karyotype would
reveal which of the following?
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,Advanced Pathophysiology Midterm NURS 6501 Walden University W... file:///C:/Users/HP/Desktop/NIW/Advanced%20Pathophysiology%20
: Answer: XXY
4. A nurse is reviewing the pedigree chart. When checking for a proband, what is the nurse
looking for?
: Answer: The person who is first diagnosed with a genetic disease
5. An aide asks the nurse why people who have neurofibromatosis will show varying
degrees of the disease. Which genetic principle should the nurse explain to the aide?
: Answer: Expressivity
6. In teaching a patient with cirrhosis, which information should the nurse include
regarding cholesterol?
: Answer: Cholesterol decreases the membrane fluidity of the erythrocyte, which reduces its
ability to carry oxygen.
7. When a patient asks what causes cystic fibrosis, how should the nurse respond?
Cystic fibrosis is caused by an gene
: Answer: Autosomal recessive
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8. How are potassium and sodium transported across plasma membranes?: -
Answer: By adenosine triphosphate enzyme (ATPase)
9. The nurse would be correct in identifying the predominant extracellular cation as:
: Answer: Sodium
10. The early dilation (swelling) of the cell's endoplasmic reticulum results in:
: Answer: Reduced protein synthesis
11. What principle should the nurse remember when trying to distinguish aging
from diseases?
: Answer: It is difficult to tell the difference because both processes are believed to result
from cell injury.
12. What is the diagnosis of a 13-year-old female who has a karyotype that re- veals an
absent homologous X chromosome with only a single X chromosome present? Her features
include a short stature, widely spaced nipples, reduced carrying angle at the elbow, and
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sparse body hair.
: Answer: Turner syndrome
13. A eukaryotic cell is undergoing DNA replication. In which region of the cell would most
of the genetic information be contained?
: Answer: Nucleolus
14. The nurse is teaching staff about the most common cause of Down syn- drome. What
is the nurse describing?
: Answer: Maternal nondisjunction
15. A 50-year-old male was recently diagnosed with Huntington disease.Trans- mission of
this disease is associated with:
: Answer: Delayed age of onset
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