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2024 NR 509 FINAL EXAM WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
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2024 NR 509 FINAL EXAM WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
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2024 NR 509 FINAL EXAM WITHCORRECT ANSWERS
Know what the lungs do with age - CORRECT-ANSWERSChest wall becomes
stiffer and harder to move (decrease in chest wall compliance), respiratory
muscles may weaken, and the lungs lose some of their elastic recoil. Lung
mass and the surface area for gas exchange decline, and residual volume
increases as the alveoli enlarge. An increase in closing volumes of small
airways predisposes to atelectasis and risk of pneumonia. Diaphragmatic
strength declines.
Know what diastasis recti is - CORRECT-ANSWERSAs tension on the
abdominal wall increases with advancing pregnancy, the rectus abdominus
muscles may separate at the midline, called diastasis recti. If diastasis is
severe, especially in multiparous women, only a layer of skin, fascia, and
peritoneum may cover the anterior uterine wall, and fetal parts may be
palpable through this muscular gap.
Identify the macula in the eye - CORRECT-ANSWERS
Know the sequence of the abdomen - CORRECT-ANSWERSInspect,
auscultate, percuss, palpate (first palpate lightly, then deeply).
Assess the liver and spleen by percussion then palpation. Try to palpate the
kidneys. Palpate the aorta and its pulsations. If you suspect kidney infection,
percuss posteriorly over the costovertebral angles.
Senile (Actinic) Pupura - CORRECT-ANSWERS
Know the signs of epididymitis - CORRECT-ANSWERSAcute epididymitis: an
acutely inflamed epididymis is indurated, swollen, and notably tender,
making it difficult to distinguish from the testis. The scrotum may be
reddened and the vas deferens inflamed.
Know what to do if you cannot feel a testicle in the scrotum of a newborn -
CORRECT-ANSWERSIf you feel a testis up in the inguinal canal, gently milk it
downward into the scrotum. Need to differentiate between undescended
testes (in the inguinal canals) and highly retractile testes.
Know the sign factors of prostate cancer: age - CORRECT-ANSWERSrare in
ages below 40 but incidence rates begin increasing rapidly after age 50.
Median age at diagnosis is 66.
, Know the sign factors of prostate cancer: ethnicity - CORRECT-
ANSWERSAfrican American men have the highest incidence and mortality
rates. Compared to white men, a higher percentage of African American men
are diagnosed with prostate cancer before age 50. They are also more likely
to present with advanced-stage cancer.
Know the sign factors of prostate cancer: family hx - CORRECT-
ANSWERSGenetics appear to play an important role in prostate cancer risk.
For men with one affected first degree relative (father, brother) risk of
developing prostate cancer increases two fold. For men with 2 or 3 affected
first degree relatives, risk increases 5-11 fold. The BRCA1 and BRCA2
mutations also appear to confer increased risk of prostate cancer.
Know the sign factors of prostate cancer: other risk factors - CORRECT-
ANSWERSAgent Orange exposure among Vietnam veterans, diets high in
animal fat, obesity, and cigarette smoking. BPH is NOT a risk factor.
Know what chicken pox looks like (will be a description) - CORRECT-
ANSWERSChickenpox is a highly contagious disease caused by the varicella-
zoster virus (VZV). It can cause an itchy, blister-like rash. The rash first
appears on the chest, back, and face, and then spreads over the entire body,
causing between 250 and 500 itchy blisters. (CDC)
Know the signs of candida vaginitis - CORRECT-ANSWERS(YEAST INFECTION)
Discharge that is white and curdy, may be thin but typically thick, not
malodorous. Often accompanied by pruritis, vaginal soreness, pain on
urination (from skin inflammation) and dyspareunia. Vulva and surrounding
skin are often inflamed and sometimes swollen to a variable extent. The
vaginal mucosa is often reddened with tenacious patches of white discharge.
Know that in a 47-year-old man ED is usually ___________ rather than
testosterone - CORRECT-ANSWERSpsychologic
Erectile dysfunction may be from psychogenic causes, especially if -
CORRECT-ANSWERSearly morning erection is preserved.
it may also reflect decreased testosterone, decreased blood flow in the
hypogastric arterial system, impaired neural innervation, and diabetes
When performing a breast exam, know what abnormal masses should do
when the arm - CORRECT-ANSWERSmay be fixed to skin or underlying
tissues (may cause dimpling of skin or retraction when arms are lifted over
head or hands are pressed against hips)
Fibroadenoma and cysts mobility - CORRECT-ANSWERSvery mobile/mobile
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