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AC-HPAT CHEMISTRY QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH SOLUTIONS 2024
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AC-HPAT CHEMISTRY QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH SOLUTIONS 2024
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AC-HPAT CHEMISTRY QUESTIONS ANDANSWERS WITH SOLUTIONS 2024
double-displacement reaction - ANSWER A double displacement reaction, also known as a double
replacement reaction or metathesis, is a type of chemical reaction where two compounds react, and the
positive ions (cation) and the negative ions (anion) of the two reactants switch places, forming two new
compounds or products
Precipitate - ANSWER precipitate is an insoluble solid that emerges from a liquid solution. The
emergence of the insoluble solid from solution is called precipitation. Often the precipitate emerges as a
suspension. Precipitates can form when two soluble salts react in solution to form one or more insoluble
products.
Energy Levels - ANSWER Energy levels (also called electron shells) are fixed distances from the nucleus of
an atom where electrons may be found. As you go farther from the nucleus, electrons at higher energy
levels have more energy. Electrons in the outermost energy level of an atom are called valence electrons
Marquis Test - ANSWER The Marquis Test is commonly used for Ecstasy testing as MDMA turns the
precipitate purple black. Cobalt thiocyanate is used to test for cocaine. The Cobalt is mixed with the
questionable substance, then drowned in hydrochloric acid, doused in chloroform, and shaken.
What is the relation between an atomic number and a mass number? - ANSWER Atomic number is
actually the number of protons in an atom while mass number is the number of nucleons i. e, number of
protons plus the number of neutrons.
Isotopes - ANSWER Isotopes refer to the nuclides of a certain element that have different numbers of
neutrons, or in other words, atomic nuclei that have the same number of protons but different numbers
of neutrons. A radioisotope is an isotope that is unstable and therefore undergoes radioactive decay or
will at some point.
Chemical Synthesis - ANSWER Chemical synthesis, the construction of complex chemical compounds
from simpler ones. It is the process by which many substances important to daily life are obtained. It is
applied to all types of chemical compounds, but most syntheses are of organic molecules.
, Decomposition - ANSWER A decomposition reaction is a type of chemical reaction in which a single
compound breaks down into two or more elements or new compounds. These reactions often involve an
energy source such as heat, light, or electricity that breaks apart the bonds of compounds
single-displacement reaction - ANSWER A single-displacement reaction, also known as a single-
replacement reaction, is a type of chemical reaction where an element reacts with a compound and
takes the place of another element in that compound. This type of reaction is typically pictured like this:
Here, A replaces B in the compound BC
Flame test - ANSWER flame test is an analytical procedure used in chemistry to detect the presence of
certain elements, primarily metal ions, based on each element's characteristic emission spectrum. The
color of flames in general also depends on temperature; see flame color.
Precipitation reaction - ANSWER A precipitation reaction refers to the formation of an insoluble salt
when two solutions containing soluble salts are combined. The insoluble salt that falls out of solution is
known as the precipitate, hence the reaction's name. Precipitation reactions can help determine the
presence of various ions in solution.
organic compounds - ANSWER An organic compound is a substance that is added to a product, like food,
to improve some qualities such as taste, smell, colour and texture. These substances can be both positive
and negative for human health.
Synthetic materials - ANSWER Synthetic materials which are by-products of petroleum are non-
biodegradable, synthetic products take a long time to decompose, creating long-term pollution. Nylon is
hard to recycle, making them hard to decompose, accumulate landfills more. Polyesters are easy to
recycle, which makes them less harmful to the society.
Electronegativity - ANSWER Electronegativity is a measure of the tendency of an atom to attract a
bonding pair of electrons. The Pauling scale is the most commonly used. Fluorine (the most
electronegative element) is assigned a value of 4.0, and values range down to caesium and francium
which are the least electronegative at 0.7.
Covalent bonds - ANSWER Covalent bonds are chemical bonds between two non-metal atoms. An
example is water, where hydrogen (H) and oxygen (O) bond together to make (H2O). A full outer shell
usually has eight electrons, or two in the case of hydrogen or helium. ... Covalent bonds are formed by
atoms sharing valence electrons.
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