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CHD 2220 Final Exam Question and answers rated A+2024

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CHD 2220 Final Exam Question and answers rated A+2024 pre operational stage - correct answer the period form 3-6 years of age Symbolic Function - correct answer the ability to use symbols to represent or stand for perceived objects and events (end of 2nd Year) deferred imitation - corr...

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  • August 22, 2024
  • 19
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
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CHD 2220 Final Exam
pre operational stage - correct answer ✔the period form 3-6 years of age


Symbolic Function - correct answer ✔the ability to use symbols to represent
or stand for perceived objects and events (end of 2nd Year)


deferred imitation - correct answer ✔form of symbolic function; children
observe the behavior of a model and imitate that behavior after a delay or
when the model is not present. requires storage and retrieval from memory


symbolic or pretend play - correct answer ✔form of symbolic function;
children pretend that an object is something other than what it really is


shifting context - correct answer ✔2 & 3 year old children typically require
support from the play setting to initiate and sustain their pretense (pretending
to eat in a kitchen then shifting to dinner in backyard as pretend play matures)


Substituting objects - correct answer ✔children often substitute 1 object for
another in their pretend play; transform any object into props needed.


substituting other agents for oneself - correct answer ✔children use agents
in their pretense; children use dolls as active agents pretending they initiate
their own behavior


sequencing and socialization of pretend episodes - correct answer ✔children
coordinate such acts into sequences of increasing length and complexity (hair
combing may sequence into complete grooming of pretend objects)

,mental images - correct answer ✔internal representations of external objects
or events; enables children to think about things when they are not present


centration - correct answer ✔a process that preschool age students tend to
focus their attention on minute and often inconsequential aspects of their
experience (notice popcorn at a zoo, but fail to remember important aspects of
the event)


pre-concepts - correct answer ✔disorganized, illogical representations of the
child's experience


Transductive Reasoning - correct answer ✔reasoning within their pre-
concepts (private and meaningful only within pre conceptual understanding;
only child understands). This type of reasoning usually has a good amount of
illogical reasoning and is poorly organized, because the pre-concepts are
imperfect representations of world. Can only reason with snap shots of
experiences.


induction - correct answer ✔we derive general principles from particular
examples


deduction - correct answer ✔we use general principles to predict particular
outcomes: same child generalizes in the next grade his new teacher will
probably favor girls


egocentrism - correct answer ✔a quality that is a major limitation of
preconceptions thought is the child's inability to conceptualize the
perspectives of other individuals. They think everyone sees the world as they
do.

, 3 mountain problem - correct answer ✔Piaget experiments show the effects
of egocentrism on perception and cognition. Each child is asked to observe
the model from their perspective then asked to describe it. Preschooler unable
to recognize another individuals perspective


Irreversibility - correct answer ✔another limitation of pre operational thought
is the notion that preschoolers cannot mentally reverse their transductive
sequences of thought. (being able to take things apart but cannot put them
back together)


Limitation that affect child's reasoning - correct answer ✔classification
quantitative reasoning
conservation
1:1 correspondence


classification - correct answer ✔refers to the tendency to group objects on
the basis of particular sets of characteristics. Include 3 stages of
developmental progression.


quantitative reasoning - correct answer ✔refers to the ability to estimate the
amount of things in terms of number, size, weight, volume, speed, time, and
distance


conservation - correct answer ✔the notion that certain attributes of objects
and events may remain unchanged, despite transformations or changes in the
way they are presented


1:1 correspondence - correct answer ✔concepts of numbers in which
children respond to physical appearance of how things are arranged, and
ignore the number (2 rows of equal amounts of quarters arranged in a row,

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