Basic Listening Sequence - clients will discuss their stories, issues or concerns, including key facts,
thoughts, feelings, and behaviors
Open questions - begin the session
Closed questions - diagnosis and clarification
Encouraging - evoke details throughout
Paraphrase - reflects essence of client talk
Reflection of feeling - examines key emotions
Summary - reviews and closes interviews
5 stage counseling session - the client will establish a positive relationship with the interviewer, tell
story, set realistic goals, develop a new story or way of viewing issues, and transfer new learning to daily
life
Empathic relationship - initiating the session
o Rapport, trust building and structuring
Story and strengths - gathering data
o Drawing out stories, concerns, problems, or issues
o "What is your concern?" or "what are your strengths and resources?"
o Positive asset search clients grow from strength
, Goals - mutual goal setting
o What does the client want to happen?
o Define explicit goals, search for positive assets to help achieve goal
o Examine the nature of the concern
Restory - working
o Exploring alternatives, confronting client incongruities and conflict, restorying (act on new stories)
o "What are we going to do about it?"
Action - terminating
o Generalizing and acting on new stories
o "Will you do it?"
o Ex: contracting, homework, role-playing, imagery, journaling and behavioral charting, follow-up and
support
Decision Counseling - Follows the five-stage structure along with the microskills, it provides a foundation
that you can use to become competent more easily in other theories of helping
• Most sessions involve making some sort of decision, including defining the key issues, defining the
goal, and selecting from alternatives
Note taking - if you are relaxed, it will rarely become an issue in interview
• Obtain permission early in session
• Share notes or transcripts
• Avoid if it takes precedence over listening
o Records typically need to be kept, write session summaries after it finishes
Focusing - clients tend to focus their conversation or story on the areas that the counselor responds to
o As the counselor brings in new focuses, the story is elaborated from multiple perspectives
o If you selectively attend to the individual, the broader dimensions of the social context will be missed
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