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HKIN 276 Midterm 2 Exam | Questions And Answers Latest {} A+ Graded | 100% Verified
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HKIN 276 Midterm 2 Exam | Questions And Answers Latest {} A+ Graded | 100% Verified
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HKIN 276 Midterm 2 Exam | Questions And Answers Latest {2024- 2025} A+ Graded |100% Verified
Voluntary movement loop and relationship with basal ganglia - Voluntary Movement Loop: the
cerebellum first receives information about the intended movement from the sensory and motor
cortexes. Then it sends information back to the motor cortex about the required direction, force, and
duration of this movement Thus this loop involving the cerebellum operates in addition to the loop
involving the basal ganglia to regulate the details of motor control
Role of cerebellum in smooth coordinated movements - provides precise timing and appropriate
patterns of skeletal muscle contraction for smooth coordinated movements and agility needed for our
daily living, by processing inputs recieved from the cerebral motor cortex, various brain stem nuclei, and
sensory receptors
Contralateral control system (left versus right side control) - Left hand movement is controlled by right
hemisphere, and right hand movement is controlled by left hemisphere
Neural pathway development with complex tasks during growth - Neural pathway is the links between
neurons. Wire the brain to control functions like body functions and thinking processes. The more
complex tasks that we learned, the more neural pathway would form as the processing occurs
Definition and examples of an action versus a skill - Skill: a voluntary movement or a task to achieve a
goal that is specific
Action: the process of doing something, typically to achieve an aim.
Definition and examples of discrete versus serial versus continuous skills - 1. Discrete skill: a skill has a
defined beginning and end, often with a very brief duration of movement. Example: throwing a
basketball.
2. Continuous skill: a skill has no defined beginning and end. Example: Swimming, walking, tracking and
running.
3. Serial skills: a group of discrete skills strung together to make up a new, more complicated skilled
action. Example: hammering a nail, long jump.
, Definitions and examples of open versus closed skill - 1. Open skill: the environment is variable and
unpredictable during the action. Example: dribbling a ball during soccer game and facing numerous
opponents creating an unpredication and unstable environment.
2. Closed skill: the envrionment is stable and predictable during the action. Example: dribbling a ball
during soccer practice with no defenders.
Inverted U principle related to performance and arousal level with skilled movements - Arousal is the
level of excitement produced under stress, is a common aspect of skill performance situations.
Inverted-U principle represents an early view of the relationship between arousal and performance that
increasing the arousal level generally enhances performance, but only to a point
Executor versus effector and role of feedback loop in information processing model - - executor- selects
the movement
- effector - executes the movement
- feedback loop - provides informaiton regarding the effectiveness of the movement\
Explanation of Schema development - Schema effect influence our attention and memory, allow us to
fill in gaps, shape interpretations of ambiguous information, and speed up our processing
Visual contributions ot learning and performance -
Relationship between speed and accuracy - - For tasks that benefit from speed and
accuracy, there is a tradeoff when
emphasizing one over the other
- Increased speed results in decreased
accuracy or to improve accuracy you
must decrease speed
- e.g. sewing, typing, inserting a key in a lock
Short term sensory (2 seconds) --> Short term memory (30 seconds) --> Long term memory - Short term
sensory store (STSS): To retain information for a very short period of time.
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