Operon A group of genes that are physically next to each other on the chromosome and expressed as a unit.
Structural Gene A sequence of DNA that encodes the information needed to direct the synthesis of a protein
Regulatory Gene A sequence of DNA encoding information needed to direct the synthesi...
MCB 100 Exam 2 Questions and Correct
Answers
Operon ✅A group of genes that are physically next to each other on the chromosome
and expressed as a unit.
Structural Gene ✅A sequence of DNA that encodes the information needed to direct
the synthesis of a protein
Regulatory Gene ✅A sequence of DNA encoding information needed to direct the
synthesis of a protein that is involved in controlling the expression of other genes.
Promoter ✅A sequence of DNA that acts as the site where RNA polymerase binds and
begins transcription.
Regulatory Factor ✅A protein that binds to a specific sequence of nucleotides in a
molecule of DNA and controls the transcription of nearby genes.
Operator ✅A sequence of DNA where a protein can bind and control the expression of
near-by genes.
Origin ✅A sequence of DNA that tells DNA polymerase where to start the process of
replication
Plasmid ✅A small circular ring of DNA that carries auxiliary genes in bacteria.
Chromosome ✅In bacteria, a large circular ring of DNA that constitutes the majority of
the genomic material.
Transformation ✅A bacterial cell takes up naked DNA from the environment and new
genes are acquired.
Transduction ✅A bacterial cell is infected by a phage particle that contains DNA from a
previous host.
Transposon ✅A segment of DNA that can be duplicated and moved from place to
place within a bacterium's genome.
Conjugation ✅DNA moves from a donor bacterial cell to a recipient through a port that
requires physical contact.
, True ✅Refrigeration tends to be bacteriostatic rather than bacteriocidal.
Protozoa tend to be more resistant to antimicrobial agents in the cyst form than in the
active stage. Germicidal lamps emit ultraviolet light and can cause sunburns and
damage to unshielded eyes.
The efficiency of an antimicrobial treatment may be affected by the concentration of
salt, alcohol or acids
Mesophile ✅A microorganism that grows best at moderate temperatures, generally
accepted as 20 � 45oc.
Psychrophile ✅A microorganism that grows best at cold temperatures, generally
accepted as below 15oc.
Hyperthermophile ✅A microorganism that grows at very hot temperatures, some
perhaps at greater than 100oc.
Thermoduric ✅A microorganism that can survive exposure to high temperatures, but
grows best at more moderate temperatures.
Thermophile ✅A microorganism that grows best at hot temperatures, generally
accepted as above 45oc
Sterilization ✅destruction of ALL microorganisms and viruses in or on an object
Aseptic ✅refers to an environment or procedure that is free of pathogenic
contaminants
Degerming ✅removal of microbes by mechanical means, such as by washing an
object
Antiseptic ✅a chemical product that is used to kill microorganisms on living tissue,
such as the skin
Disinfectant ✅a chemical or physical treatment that is used to kill microorganisms on
an inanimate object
Pasteurization ✅use of heat to destroy pathogens and reduce the number of spoilage
microorganisms in a beverage
Autoclave ✅a pressurized steam chamber that is used to sterilize samples by heating
to 121o C
Ethylene oxide ✅a gas used to sterilize objects that are sensitive to heat or water, it
denatures proteins and cross-links DNA
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