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USABO 6 Exam Questions and Answers
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USABO 6 Exam Questions and Answers
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USABO 6 Exam Questions and AnswersNuclear Envelope - Answer -Encloses the nucleus, and separates its contents from
cytoplasm. It is a double envelope, and each envelope is lipid bilayer with associated
proteins, and are separated by a space of 20-40 nm. It is perforated by pore structures
that are about 100 nm in diameter.
Pore complex - Answer -Intricate protein structure that lines each pore and regulates
entry and exit of most proteins and RNAs in the cell, as well as large complexes of
macromolecules.
Nuclear lamina - Answer -A netlike array of protein filaments that maintains the shape of
the nucleus by mechanically supporting the nuclear envelope.
Chromatins - Answer -Makes up chromosomes, and is a complex of proteins and DNA,
Nucleolus - Answer -Prominent structure within the nondividing nucleus. RNA
synthesized from DNA. Proteins imported from cytoplasm are assembled with rRNA into
large and small ribosomal structures.
Ribosomes - Answer -Complexes made of protein and ribosomal RNA, and are the
cellular components that carry out protein synthesis.
Structure of Eukaryotic Cell - Answer -
Cell fractionation - Answer -Takes cells apart and separates the major organelles and
other subcellular structures from one another. Centrifuge is used for this.
Nucleoid - Answer -Where DNA is present in prokaryotic cells.
Endomembrane System - Answer -Consists of nuclear envelope, endoplasmic
reticuluum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, various types of vacuoles, plasma membrane.
cis face - Answer -Usually located near the ER.
Transport vesicles - Answer -Move materials from the ER to the Golgi apparatus.
trans face - Answer -Gives rise to vesicles, which pinch off and travel to other sites.
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