Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) affects both social communication and
restrictive/repetitive behaviors.
Which combination of behaviors below would meet the Diagnostic and Statistical
Manual of Mental Disorder (DSM-5) criteria for ASD?
A. Deficits in social communication and interaction including social-emotional reciprocity
and nonverbal communicative behavior as well as having repetitive speech,
movements, or use of objects.
B. Deficits in social communication and interaction including social-emotional
reciprocity, nonverbal communicative behavior, as well as having repetitive speech,
movements, or use of objects and excessive adherence to routines.
C. Deficits in social communication and interaction including social-emotional reciprocity
and nonverbal communicative behavior, and developing and maintaining relationships
as well as two restricted, repetitive behavior/interests. - answerC
Which of the following statements is not true about the estimated prevalence of autism
spectrum disorder (ASD)?
A.The prevalence has been increasing in part due to changes in the diagnostic criteria
over time and increased awareness of ASD among clinicians and parents.
B.Boys, compared to girls, are approximately 4 times more likely to be diagnosed with
ASD.
C.Most children with ASD are diagnosed after 4 years of age but ASD can be
diagnosed as early as 18 months of age.
D.Black and Hispanic children, compared to white children, have a higher prevalence of
ASD. - answerD
A pediatrician is invited to come and speak at a conference for teachers about autism
spectrum disorder (ASD). One of the teachers inquires why it seems like more white
children are diagnosed with ASD than people of other races or ethnicities.
The pediatrician refers the teacher to the most recent Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention (CDC) report on ASD which states that:
A. ASD is under-identified in Hispanic and black children.
, B.There are more genetic causes for ASD linked to children who are white.
C.Vaccination rates are higher in white children.
D.This must reflect the school demographics because rates of ASD are the same in all
races and ethnicities. - answerA
The pediatrician is seeing a 4-year old male child for the first time for a well-child check.
The pediatrician is concerned because the child is non-verbal. Because of this, the
pediatrician refers the child to be evaluated for an autism spectrum disorder (ASD). To
feel more definite that the child has ASD the pediatrician asks the child's mother more
questions.
Which of the following helps guide the pediatrician to thinking the child has ASD?
A.The child's Intelligence Quotient (IQ) is below 60.
B.The child's hearing is normal.
C.The child is fixated on cars, and enjoys spinning their wheels over and over again for
long periods of time.
D.The child had a febrile seizure at 18 months. - answerC
While you are seeing a 6-year old boy for his well child visit, you observe the child to
have a strong desire to speak at length about sea animals. He has a vast fund of
knowledge on the subject and engages in sharing his information as a monologue in a
monotone voice. He makes poor eye contact and does not heed your efforts to get him
to move on to another topic. When you inquire about how things are going for the child
in first grade, mother shares that he is doing very well academically, is an excellent
reader and great at math. The only problems that have come up relate to making
friends. The teacher has told the mother that the child does not have friends and spends
recess alone. The other children find his constant talk about whales annoying, and they
think that he is weird.
According to DSM 5, which of the following statements is true?
A.This child should be evaluated for a possible diagnosis of Asperger's Di - answerD
The office manager at your pediatric practice inserted milestone checklists in every
examination room to help guide the surveillance process. These checklists help remind
parents and providers of particular milestones that a child should have reached by a
certain age. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention developed these
checklists using an informal process that involved consensus opinion among expert
workgroups. You recently read an article that the American Academy of Pediatrics
recommends general developmental screening at the 9-, 18-, and 30-month well child
visits.
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