Cardiovascular Disease -Refers to a variety of diseases of the heart, blood vessels, or both -Includes: coronary artery disease (CAD), hypertension, stroke -Leading cause of death
Hypertension -Most common form of CVD -Abnormally high blood pressure
Coronary artery disease and stroke contribute t...
BBH 101 Exam 3 Practice Questions and
Solutions
Cardiovascular Disease ✅-Refers to a variety of diseases of the heart, blood vessels,
or both
-Includes: coronary artery disease (CAD), hypertension, stroke
-Leading cause of death
Hypertension ✅-Most common form of CVD
-Abnormally high blood pressure
Coronary artery disease and stroke contribute to... ✅highest death rate
What are the time trends for CAD mortality? ✅Death rates have peaked in 1960's and
have DECLINED on average since them
What is the decline in CAD mortality rates due to? ✅-Decline due to improved
prevention (primary, secondary, and tertiary)
What is CVD often associated with? ✅Atherosclerosis
-Slow process of the build-up of atheromatous plaque
Thrombus ✅Blood clot formed in sit within the vascular system of the body and
impedes/delays blood flow
Embolus ✅Blood clot, air bubble, fatty deposit, etc. that has been carried to the blood
stream to lodge in a vessel and cause an embolism (blocking of an artery)
Ischemia ✅reduction of blood flow
Angina ✅chest pains when the heart is not getting enough blood
Infarction ✅tissue died due to lack of blood flow, can lead to death
What are the most common fatal outcomes of CVD? ✅-Myocardial infarction (heart
attack)
-Stroke
NIHONSN Study ✅Interested in importance of genetic background or environment
Outcome- environmental factors were the most important
, Bogalusa Heart Study ✅Found that children as young as 7 years old were forming
plaques
-Atherosclerosis develops early on
The NIHONSN study emphasized the importance of what type of risk factor?
✅Environmental
What are the uncontrollable risk factors of CVD? ✅Age
Sex
Race
Family History
What are the controllable risk factors of CVD? ✅Hypertension
Overweight/obesity
Cholesterol
Smoking
Alcohol
Dietary fat
What is type A personality? ✅Involves competitiveness, sense of time urgency,
hostility
-One study found that these people were 2 times more at risk for CAD (there were
problems with the study)
What is the purpose of an electrocardiogram (EKG or ECG)? ✅Make sure heart beat
is regular
What does an echocardiogram do? ✅Uses sound waves to visualize the heart
Creates image of the heart
What does a coronary angiograph due? ✅Finds coronary blockages, able to visualize
the blood vessels
*Most common way*
How can you prevent CVD? ✅-Diet and lifestyle changes
-Medications
What do statins do as a medication of CVD treatment? ✅Decrease cholesterol
production in the liver
What does Asprin do as a medication of CVD treatment? ✅Anti-inflammatory, thins the
blood, makes it less likely to clog
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller twishfrancis. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $9.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
