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NCLEX/RN Questions and Correct
Answers Latest Update, Graded A+
Is a process of learning a different culture to adapt to a new or changing
environment.
o :## Acculturation.
It is a subjective perspective of the person's heritage and a sense of belonging to a
group
o :## Ethnic identity
Include meditation, relaxation techniques, imagery, music therapy, massage,
touch, laughter, humor, & spiritual measures (prayer).
o :## Low-risk therapies:
Because of their health & dietary practices, Native Americans, Latino Americans,
Hispanic Americans, & African Americans.
o :## High risk of obesity & diabetes mellitus
Surgery is not prohibited, but the administration of blood and blood products is
forbidden. This religious group believes the soul cannot live after death.
Administration of medication is an acceptable practice except if the medication is
derived from blood products.
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o :## Jehovah's Witnesses
Believers adhere to dietary kosher laws. In this religion, the dairy-meat
combination is unacceptable. Only fish that have scales and fins are allowed;
meats that are allowed include animals that are vegetable eaters, cloven-hoofed,
and ritually slaughtered.
o :## Orthodox Judaism
include whole medical systems, mind-body medicine, biologically based practices,
manipulative & body-based practices, & energy medicine.
o :## Five categories of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM):
Focused, maintains strong control, makes decisions, & addresses all problems.
Dominates group & commands, rather than seeks suggestions or input. Manager
addresses problem (quality improvement) with taff, designs a plan without input,
& wants all problems reported directly back to her
o :## Autocratic leader
Participative & would likely meet with each staff person individually to determine
staff member's perception of problem. Would also speak with the staff about any
issues & ask the staff for input with developing a plan.
o :## Democratic leader
Passive and nondirective. Would state what the problem was & inform staff that
the staff needed to come up with a plan to "fix it."
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o :## Laissez-faire leader
Assessment findings include cough, dyspnea, crackles, tachypnea, tachycardia,
elevated blood pressure, bounding pulse, elevated CVP, weight gain, edema, neck
& hand vein distention, altered LOC, & decreased hematocrit.
o :## Overhydration or fluid overload & occurs when fluid intake or fluid
retention
Avocado, bananas, cantaloupe, carrots, fish, mushrooms, oranges, potatoes, pork,
beef, veal, raisins, spinach, strawberries, & tomatoes
o :## Common food sources of potassium:
Muscle weakness, increased urinary output, & decreased specific gravity of the
urine would be noted
o :## Hyponatremia
Causative factors relate to malnutrition or starvation & the use of aluminum
hydroxide-based or magnesium-based antacids. Malnutrition is associated with
alcoholism.
o :## Hypophosphatemia
Renal insufficiency, hypoparathyroidism, & tumor lysis syndrome; causative
factors. Should avoid foods high in phosphates; fish, eggs, milk products,
vegetables, whole grains, & carbonated beverages.
o :## Hyperphosphatemia
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Vomiting, diarrhea, conditions that increased respiration's or increased urinary
output, insufficient intravenous fluid replacement, draining fistulas, presence of
ileostomy or colostomy. Diuretics, & gastrointestinal suctioning.
o :## Causes of a fluid volume deficit
Decreased kidney function, heart failure, hypotonic fluids to replace isotonic fluid
losses, excessive irrigation of wounds & body cavities, & excessive ingestion of
sodium.
o :## Causes of overhydration or fluid overload:
Trauma, burns, sepsis, or metabolic or respiratory acidosis.
o :## Hyperkalemia causes:
Cushing's syndrome or colitis & over use of laxatives.
o :## Hypokalemia causes:
Decreased pH & decreased HCO3. Occurs in kidney disease; diabetic ketoacidosis;
high fat diet; insufficient metabolism of carbohydrates; malnutrition; ingestion of
toxins, such as acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin); malnutrition; severe diarrhea.
Intestinal secretion high in bicarbonate & may be lost through enteric drainage
tubes, an ileostomy, or diarrhea.
o :## Metabolic acidotic
Nausea & vomiting. Loss of gastric acid, cause pH & HCO3 to increase. Symptoms
experienced would include hypoventilation & tachycardia.
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