MIP302 - Final Exam 2024/2025 questions with answers
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Course
MIP
Institution
MIP
MIP302 - Final Exam 2024/2025 questions with
answers
thermophiles - ANSWERS bacteria that live in environments with elevated temperatures (above 131°F)
super/hyper thermophile - ANSWERS bacteria that live in environments with extremely elevated
temperatures (above 300°F)
Differential Media...
microaerophilic bacteria - ANSWERS Require atmospheric oxygen but at reduced levels
facultative anaerobes - ANSWERS Grow with or without oxygen (better with oxygen)
obligate anaerobe - ANSWERS grow in absense of atmospheric oxygen
Ambient air - ANSWERS Normal air
candle jar - ANSWERS reduced levels of O2, higher levels of CO2
GasPak - ANSWERS reduced environment (devoid of O2)
,Redox indicators for Gaspak and Candle jar - ANSWERS Redox indicator methylene blue (blue when
oxidized, white in reduced state)
Catalase Test - ANSWERS To see if bacteria produces enzyme catalase; add 3% H2O2 to a DRY smear of
bacteria; produces bubbles=(+); delayed/no bubbles=(-)
Oxidase Test - ANSWERS To see if bacteria produces cytochrome oxidase (uses cytochrome C and
cytocrhome oxidase in ETC); uses Oxidrop as reagent; blue/maroon=oxidized, (+); colorless= reduced, (-);
3 MIN
PR Glucose Broth - ANSWERS Testing for glucose fermentation; Differential media (ability to ferment
carb); phenol red indicator (yellow in acidic, red in basic); contains peptone and beef extract in PR broth;
Durham tube put in tube to catch gas; yellow=(+); red=(-); 18-24 hours
Nitrate Broth - ANSWERS Differential media [ability to reduce nitrate (NO3) to nitrite (NO2)] using
anaerobic resp.; Nitrate A and Nitrate B reagents (react w/ nitrite--> red); RESULTS: red during first
round, (+) nitrate reductase, (-) nitrite reductase; Colorless during first round, inconclusive, add zinc; Red
during second round (Nitrate A, B, and zinc) (-) for nitrate and nitrite reductase; Colorless during second
round (+) nitrate and nitrite reductase; 48 HOURS
MacConkey Agar - ANSWERS To test for lactose fermentation of Gram (-) rods; differential media
(lactose fermentation); selective media (grows Gram - enteric bacilli, inhibits Gram - cocci and Gram +);
neutral red reagent (red in acidic, yellow in basic); contains peptone and beef extract; RESULTS:
red/dark-pink colonies surrounded by zone of bile salt, strong lactose fermenter; colorless colonies, do
not ferment lactose; if no growth, cannot make conclusions about lactose fermentation; 18-24 HOURS
Phenylethyl Alcohol (PEA) Agar - ANSWERS Test for Gram (+) growth; Selective (selective component
1/4 phenylethyl OH); not as stringent as MacConkey; RESULTS: growth, most likely Gram (+) but have to
do a Gram stain to check; 18-24 HOURS
Blood Agar (BAP) - ANSWERS Used to cultivate medically significant bacteria; all-purpose media;
differential (ability to hemolyze red blood cells); includes TSA and sheep red blood cells; RESULTS: BETA,
complete hemolysis, clear zone surrounding colonies; ALPHA, incomplete lysis, green-ish brown area
surrounding colony; GAMMA, no lysis; Don't look at colony itself to determine results; 24 HOURS
, Pseudosel Agar (Cetrimide Agar) - ANSWERS Used to isolate and identify Pseudomonas aeruginosa;
Selective (P. aeruginosa can grow, all others inhibited bc of cetrimide); Differential (produce pyocyanin);
can see under room lighting; RESULTS: blue/green colonies, positive result, P. aeruginosa; 18-24 HOURS
Pseudomonas Agar F - ANSWERS Used to differentiate bacteria based on ability to produce pigment
fluorescein (differential); all-purpose medium; contains magnesium and potassium salts (enhance
fluorescein production); should be visualized under UV, even tho can see green pigment in room
lighting; RESULTS: glowing under UV, produces fluorescein, (+); 18-24 HOURS
coliforms - ANSWERS Gram negetaive rods that ferment lactose and produce gas, facultative anaerobes,
and do not produce spores
tryptophanase - ANSWERS enzyme produced by bacteria that can use tyrptophan as a carbon source
tryptophan - ANSWERS catabolized into indole, pyruvic acid, and ammonia
tryptone broth - ANSWERS medium for indole test
48 - ANSWERS indole test is incubated for __ hours
Kovac's reagent - ANSWERS added to broth after incubation in indole test
present - ANSWERS if bacterium produces tryptophanase, indole will be ______ in the broth
absent - ANSWERS if bacterium does not produce tryptophanase, indole will be ______ in the broth
red ring - ANSWERS kovac's reagent reacts with the indole to produce a ___ ____ at the surface of the
broth (if positive)
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