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NP235 Unit 2 Diagnostic tests Questions and Correct Answer
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Elscores19/08/2024 14:27:30NP235 Unit 2 Diagnostic tests Questions and
Correct Answer
Bone Scan
✓ ~: a nuclear imaging test . used if a patient has unexplained skeletal pain, a bone
infection, or a bone injury that can't be seen on a standard X-ray.
A bone scan can diagnose
✓ ~: Fractures
✓ Arthritis
✓ Paget's disease of bone
✓ Cancer originating in bone
✓ Cancer that has metastasized to bone from a different site
✓ Infection of the joints, joint replacements or bones (osteomyelitis)
✓ Impaired blood supply to bones or death of bone tissue (avascular necrosis
How does a bone scan work?
✓ ~: It detects changes in the metabolic activity of bone
-tag patients blood with radiopharmaceutical
Tracers will be injected into a vein in the patient's arm. The amount of time between the
injection and scan varies, depending on the reason the doctor has ordered the scan.
Some images may be taken immediately after the injection. But the main images are taken
two to four hours later to allow the tracer to circulate and be absorbed by the bones.
Bone Scan Nursing Implications
, Elscores19/08/2024 14:27:30
✓ ~: Check for allergies and pregnancy.
The patient will be asked to lie quietly for 30-60 min during the scanning.
All metal must be removed from the area to be scanned.
Ensure patient that she will not be "radioactive."
The isotope is eliminated from the body in 6-24 hr.
Brain Scan (radionuclide Imaging)
✓ ~: used to detect an intracranial mass such as a tumor, abscess, hematoma, or
aneurysm. A radioisotope is administered IV. Abnormal tissue usually absorbs more of
the isotope than normal tissue. After a 1- to 3-hr waiting period for absorption, a
scintillation scanner is used to image the brain. The test takes 30 min-1 hr.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
✓ ~: magnetic fields and radio waves to produce high quality two- or three-dimensional
images of brain structures without the use of ionizing radiation (X-rays) or radioactive
tracers.
What is a CAT Scan?
✓ ~: A machine that lets X-Ray beams focus on an object at different levels.
Nursing Implications: MRI
✓ ~: The patient will sit or lie on a table;
The scanner makes clicking noises;
The amount of radioactivity is very low and is not dangerous to the patient or others. The
patient will need to lie or sit still during the scanning.
, Elscores19/08/2024 14:27:30
A drug may be given the night before to block uptake of the radioactive element by the
thyroid and salivary glands.
There is no food or fluid restriction; no special aftercare.
How does a PET Scan Work
✓ ~: To assess for cell death, damage in brain tissue. Radioactive material is given and
provides differing color in areas of cellular activity.
PET scan Nursing implications
✓ ~: The procedure requires a signed consent form.
Explain that two IV lines will be inserted.
The patient is to avoid sedatives or tranquilizers before the test.
Ask the patient to empty their bladder before the test.
The patient may be asked to perform various activities during the test.
A ventilation scan
✓ ~: looks at how air moves in and out of the lungs. Radioactive gas is inhaled and, when
scanned, presents a pattern of ventilation in the lungs, In particular, it looks at how air
moves through the bronchi and bronchioles within the lungs. A tracer will fill the lungs
unless the patient has an area where the air cannot move.
A perfusion scan
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