APG 200 Exam 2 || A Verified A+ Pass.
Linguistically correct answers Many linguistic anthropologists would agree with the statement
that a group of people who are set apart socially from others somehow will probably be set apart
_____________ as well
emergent groups that are fluid and overlapping, and that have greater or lesser relevance for
individuals depending on the circumstances correct answers The concepts such as lingusitic
community, speech area, speech networks and communities of practice, some scholars believe,
allow for research that treats communities not as static, pre-existing entities but as?
the size and location of the community, what is shared by members of the community, the type
of interactions the community members might or must have correct answers What are the 3
aspects of speech communities?
Speech community correct answers What concept has been argued "the unspoken basis of most
linguistics research"
Social correct answers De Saussure demonstrates that the changes that language inevitably
undergo through time are the product of _______ forces
Unspecified correct answers "The language" is set apart as an entity unto itself and the linguistic
community and social forces are left ___________
Homogenous correct answers Speakers of a language presumably constitute a __________ group
in a speech community
Chomsky (later acknowledged this does not exist in the real world) correct answers " Linguistic
theory is concerned primarily with an ideal speaker-listener, in a completely homogeneous
speech community, who knows its language perfectly and is unaffected by such grammatically
irrelevant conditions as memory limitations, distractions, shifts, of attention and interest, and
errors in applying his knowledge of the language in actual performance" Who's description of a
speech community was this?
Linguistic structures correct answers In both de Saussure and Chomsky's work on speech
community the main focus is on ______________, so while both refer in passing to groups of
language users, neither provides any details on the nature of those communities
speech community correct answers Hymes stated that "the natural unit for socio-linguistic
taxonomy, however is not the language but the ________________
Social correct answers Hymes focus on beliefs, values, attitudes and ways of speaking within a
community draws explicitly on Sapir's work and departs from the approach of linguists because
the unit of analysis for Hymes is a _______, rather than linguistic entity
, True correct answers T/F Gumperz stated "The universe is the speech community: any human
aggregate characterized by regular and frequent interaction by means of a shared body of verbal
signs and set off from similar aggregates by significant differences in language usage. Most
groups of any permanence, be they small bands bounded face-to- face contact, modern nations
divisible into smaller sub-regions, or even occupational associations or neighborhood gang, may
be treated as speech communities, provided they show linguistic peculiarities that warrant special
study"
False (Did not assume) correct answers T/F Gumperz assumed that members of speech
communities all speak the same way, or even the same language
multilingual and multidialectal communities correct answers Gumperz has always been centrally
concerned with ____________ and ___________ communities in his research
verbal repertoire correct answers Although members of such speech communities might not all
share a style, a dialect or even a language, they nevertheless share a ______________
social norms correct answers Regardless of the linguistic differences among them, Gumperz
notes, the speech varieties employed within a speech community form a system because they are
related to a shared set of ____________
Frequent interaction among the members must occur, The members of the speech community
must share a "verbal repertoire" even though they may not all speak the same style, dialect or
even language, The members of the speech community must also share a set of social norms
regarding appropriate language use (language ideologies) correct answers What are the 3
requirements for speech community?
While they did discover the expected variation in actual usage, they were surprised to find that a
small subset of their research subjects only used nonstandard forms of Spanish and did not
appear to be aware at all either of the existence of standard forms or of the stigma associated
with the nonstandard forms they themselves used correct answers Santa Ana and Parodi,
sociolinguists who propose for the population they studied in Mexico a nested, multi-level
reworking of Labov's model of the speech community, They recorded 50 hours of data from 35
Spanish speakers using multiple methods such as sociolinguistic interviews, fill-in-the-blank
tests and role plays in which subjects were asked to teach a non-native speaker the appropriate
way to talk to social superiors and subordinates in specific situations, what did they find?
False (did not employ) correct answers T/F Santa Ana and Parodi did employ ethnographic
methods as linguistic anthropologists almost always do
Locale (I), Vicinity (II), District (III), and National (IV correct answers When Santa Ana and
Parodi propose for this area of Mexico is a "model of nested speech-community configurations",
they maintain that individuals in each of what 4 types of typology?
