NR302 FINAL REVIEW EXAM STUDY GUIDE. || VERIFIED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES. || LATEST 2024/2025 UPDATE. || NEW!!! NEW EXAM!!!
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Course
NR302
Institution
NR302
NR302 FINAL REVIEW EXAM STUDY GUIDE. ||
VERIFIED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES. ||
LATEST 2024/2025 UPDATE. ||
NEW!!! NEW EXAM!!!
A client reports that they consume large quantities of carrots on a routine basis. Which of the
following physical findings is the nurse most likely to observe during ...
NR302 FINAL REVIEW EXAM STUDY GUIDE. ||
VERIFIED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES. ||
LATEST 2024/2025 UPDATE. ||
NEW!!! NEW EXAM!!!
A client reports that they consume large quantities of carrots on a routine basis. Which of the
following physical findings is the nurse most likely to observe during the assessment?
A.Pallor
B.Cyanosis
C.Carotenemia
D.Jaundice - Ans✔✔-C.Carotenemia
Carotenemia is a yellow-orange tinge due to ingestion of foods high in carotene such as
carrots. Pallor is the loss of color in the skin due to the absence of oxygenated hemoglobin.
Cyanosis is a blue color in the skin due to inadequate tissue perfusion with oxygenated
blood. Jaundice is a yellow undertone due to increased bilirubin in the blood.
A client has an area of inflammation due to a localized infection. Which of the following
assessment findings is the nurse most likely to note on examination?
A.Erythema
B.Pallor
C.Cyanosis
D.Absence of color - Ans✔✔-A.Erythema
Erythema, or increased redness of the skin, is due to hyperemia, which causes dilation and
congestion of blood in superficial arteries. This can be due to fever, localized inflammation,
emotions, or a warm environment. Pallor, or loss of color of the skin due to the absence of
oxygenated hemoglobin, can be caused by peripheral vasoconstriction. Cyanosis, the
mottled blue color of the skin, is due to inadequate tissue perfusion with oxygenated blood.
Vitiligo is the absence of melanin pigment in patchy areas on the body.
,The nurse notices that a client has extremely dry and brittle hair. Which of the following
questions would be the most appropriate to ask this client?
A."What do you use to style your hair?"
B."Are you exposed to excessive sunlight?"
C."What medications are you taking?"
D."Do you have a history of thyroid problems?" - Ans✔✔-A."What do you use to style your
hair?"
Excessive washing or washing with harsh chemicals can dry the hair. The use of styling
products can dry or damage the hair as can the use of hair dryers, curling irons, and heated
rollers. Sunlight, medications, and thyroid disease all can cause changes in the texture of the
hair. However, they are not the most common cause of dry, brittle hair.
The nurse notes the presence of vitiligo on the neck and forearms of an African-American
client. Which of the following is most appropriate for the nurse to do in this situation?
A.Nothing since this is a normal finding.
B.Document the presence of a skin rash.
C.Ask the client how long their skin color has been different in these areas.
D.Discuss the client's feelings regarding the skin discoloration. - Ans✔✔-C.Ask the client
how long their skin color has been different in these areas.
Patchy depigmented areas over the face, neck, hands, feet, and body folds are termed
vitiligo. This can occur in all races but seems to occur more often in dark-skinned people.
This condition has no known cause but can create severe body image disturbances in clients
with the condition. The nurse should discuss the vitiligo and document its presence.
Discussing the client's feelings about the skin discoloration does not take precedence over
obtaining information about the symptom.
A client has significant ptosis of one eye. How does the nurse assess for this condition?
A.Observe for protrusion of the eyes
B.Assess the client's pupils
C.Observe the palpebral fissure
D.Assess visual acuity - Ans✔✔-C.Observe the palpebral fissure
Ptosis is the drooping of the eyelid, which would be observed when assessing the palpebral
fissure-the distance between the upper and lower eyelids. Protrusion of the eyes beyond the
,supraorbital ridge can be a normal finding, or may indicate a possible thyroid disorder.
Assessment of the pupils does not indicate the presence of ptosis. Ptosis, drooping of the
eyelid, is not assessed by visual acuity (how well the individual can see).
During an otoscopic assessment, the nurse notes the presence of large amounts of cerumen
in the client's external canal. The nurse knows:
A.Cerumen helps to lubricate and protect the ear.
B.Cerumen is needed to assist in the conduction of sound vibrations to the middle ear.
C.This indicates poor hygiene.
D.The client should clean his ears with cotton swabs. - Ans✔✔-A.Cerumen helps to
lubricate and protect the ear.
Cerumen helps to lubricate and protect the ear. It is not needed to assist in air conduction of
sound vibrations to the middle ear. The presence and amount of cerumen is not related to
hygiene practices. Cerumen removal with cotton swabs is not recommended.
A client tells the nurse, "I have a headache and pressure right above my nose and eyes. My
nose is stuffy too." The nurse knows that these symptoms might indicate:
A.Infection or inflammation of the frontal sinuses
B.Infection or inflammation of the maxillary sinuses
C.Infection or inflammation of the columella
D.Infection or irritation of the interior turbinate - Ans✔✔-A.Infection or inflammation of the
frontal sinuses
The paranasal sinuses are mucous-lined, air-filled cavities that surround the nasal cavity and
perform the functions of filtration, moistening, and warming. They are named for the bones of
the skill in which they are contained. The columella is the cartilaginous structure located
between the nares. The inferior turbinate is the lowest bony projection within the nose and is
covered with mucosa.
A two-year-old child is scheduled for the removal of her tonsils and adenoids. In which area
of this client's throat will the surgery be done?
A.Oropharynx and palate
B.Nasopharynx and oropharynx
, C.Nasopharynx and laryngopharynx
D.Oropharynx and laryngopharynx - Ans✔✔-B.Nasopharynx and oropharynx
The adenoids and openings of the eustachian tubes are located in the nasopharynx. The
tonsils are located behind the pillars within the oropharynx on either side.
A 60-year-old client tells the nurse that he has noticed a decrease in his hearing. The nurse
knows that the age-related changes of the ear that likely are contributing to the decrease in
his hearing are the result of:
A.Increased cerumen in the external canal
B.The loss of low-frequency sounds; high-frequency sounds remain intact
D.A thin tympanic membrane - Ans✔✔-C.Presbycusis
Presbycusis is the term given to the gradual hearing loss that occurs with aging. As
individuals age, the individual develops a loss of high-frequency sounds first, then over time
may develop a loss of low-frequency sounds as well. The tympanic membrane becomes
paler and thicker with age.
A client reports a family history of ear problems and hearing loss and is concerned about
"going deaf." The most appropriate response by the nurse is:
A."Don't worry, hearing loss is not hereditary."
B."You will likely have hearing problems."
C."What medications are you currently taking?"
D."Hearing loss can be hereditary. Have you noticed any changes in your hearing?" -
Ans✔✔-D."Hearing loss can be hereditary. Have you noticed any changes in your hearing?"
Hearing loss can be hereditary. Telling the client that hearing loss is not hereditary or that
they will likely have hearing problems are not true statements. Obtaining information about
medications and specifically ototoxic medications is important, but is not specifically related
to the client's statements at this time.
The nurse is preparing to perform an assessment of the nasal cavity using a nasal
speculum. The nurse considers which of the following to be normal findings?
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